A MONOGRAPH OF THE EXISTING CRINOIDS 39 



Under the heading "Genus Comanthus A. H. Clark" appear the subheadmga 

 "Subgenus Comanthus A. H. Clark" and "Group Bennettia A. H. Clark." Thus the 

 new name Bennettia is to all intents and purposes a generic name under which two 

 species, pinguis and samoana, are described. 



Further changes in the systematic treatment of the comatuUds were suggested 

 on September 14. 



The comatulids as a whole were divided into three suborders, which were de- 

 scribed in detail; these were: 



Comatulida Innatantes (including the Marsupitidae and Uintacrinidae). 



Comatuhda Ohgophreata (including the Comasteridae, Zygometridae, Himero- 

 metridae, Colobometridae, Thalassometridae, and Tropiometridae). 



Comatidida Macrophreata (including the Antedonidae, Atelecrinidae, and Pen- 

 tametrocrinidae) . 



The following new family was described: 



Pontiometridae {Pontiometra). 



The following new subfamihes were described: 



Capillasterinae {Nemaster, Capillaster, Neocomatella, Comatella, Comatilia, Lep- 

 tonemaster, and Comissia). 



Comactiniinae {Comatula, Comactinia, and Cominia). 



Himerometrinae {Amphimetra, Himerometra, Craspedometra, and Heterometra) . 



Stephanometrinae (Oxymetra and Stephanometra) . 



Mariametrinae {Mariametra and Dichrometra) . 



Antedoninae {Antedon, Mastigometra, Gompsometra, and Iridometra) . 



Perometrinae {Perometra, Erythrometra, and Hypalometra) . 



Zenometrinae {Zenomeira, Psathyrometra, Leptometra, Adelometra, and Balanometra). 



Heliometrmae {Promachocrinus, Heliometra, Trichometra, Hathrometra, and 

 Isometra) . 



Thysanometrinae {Eumetra, Thysanometra, and Coccometra). 



Bathymetrinae {Bathymetra and Thaumatometra) . 



The following new genera were described: 



Neocomatella (genotype Antedon alata Pourtales, 1878). 



Pterometra (genotype Ptilometra trichopoda A. H. Clark, 1908). 



Balanometra (genotype Antedon balanoides P. H. Carpenter, 1888). 



Dissection showed that the supposed syzygy between the ossicles of the IBr 

 series and first two brachials in a specimen of Comatula pectinata from the Phihppine 

 Islands was in realityonly an exceptionally close synarthry; in a specimen of Comas<er 

 novae-guineae [Jruticosus] the proximal syzygy was found to be in reahty intermediate 

 in character between a synarthry and a syzygy, and the name pseudosyzygy was 

 proposed for this type of articulation. Thus the statement previously made (in the 

 paper on the bracliial homologies) that syzygyies are associated only with obhque 

 muscular articulations and synarthries only with straight muscular articulations is 

 found to hold good exceptmg only in the family Zygometridae. 



In October a paper was pubhshed in which an attempt was made to explain the 

 origin and significance of the nonmuscular articulations, syzygies and synarthries, m 



