A MONOGRAPH OF THE EXISTING CRINOIDS 179 



Syzygies occur between brachials 2^-3 (on arms arising from a IBr axillary 

 brachials 3 + 4), again from between brachials 14+15 to between brachials 43 + 44 

 (usually in the vicinity of the sixteenth-twentieth brachials), and distally at intervals 

 of from 4 to 13 (usually from 6 to 8) muscular articulations. 



In arms arising from a IBr axillary there may be an additional syzygy at no 

 great distance from the first; but this is frequently absent. 



The mouth is radial, usually marginal or nearly so, but frequently subcentral and 

 occasionally quite central. The anal tube is usually subcentral. The disk, which is 

 most commonly from 15 to 20 mm. in diameter, usually bears a few scattered cal- 

 careous granules, mostly in the anal area, but is frequently naked. 



Pd is from 12 to 15 mm. long, rather stout at the base, but becoming slender 

 after the first 5 or 6 segments. It is composed of about 40 segments, of which the 

 first 6 to 8 are broader than long (usually about twice as broad as long) and the 

 remainder are about as long as broad. The terminal comb is composed of 12 teeth 

 which are about twice as long as broad at the base, most of them slightly longer than 

 the width of the segments which bear them, and slightly recurved. Pp is similar to 

 Pd though not so stout basally and 2 or 3 mm. shorter. It is composed of about 35 

 segments, of which the first 3 decrease rapidly in width, the pinnule tapering very 

 gradually from that point onward. From the fifth outward the segments are about 

 as long as broad. The second segment is usually carinate. In arms arising from a 

 IBr axillary Pi is as described for Pd, and P2 is as described for Pp. In arms arising 

 from a IIBr axillary Pi is as described for Pp. On such arms Pj is 9 mm. long, more 

 slender basally than the preceding pinnules, composed of 30 segments, of which the 

 first 2 are much broader than long, the second carinate, and those after the fourth 

 are about as long as broad. P3 is similar, but the second segment is usually not 

 carinate. P4 is similar, about 8 mm. long. P5 and the following pinnules are of 

 about the same length but slightly stouter and composed of slightly shorter and 

 rather strongly overlapping segments. The terminal comb persists usually up to P? 

 or Pio, more rarely extending to P15, or disappearing after P4. 



The distal pinnules are similar in length to the middle pinnules, but are more 

 slender. They are composed of 16 or 17 segments, of which the first is short, the 

 second is not quite so long as broad, the third is somewhat longer than broad, and 

 the following gradually increase in length, being somewhat over twice as long as 

 broad distally, but short again terminally. 



The color in alcohol is very variable; reddish or blackish brown; purple; violet; 

 greenish graj" ; bright yellow; creamy white; the dark specimens sometimes have the 

 disk mottled with white, and the pinnules nearly white with the tips and the peri- 

 some black. 



Notes. — The specimen from Hulule, Maldives, is a fine example with 22 arms. 



Of the 4 specimens collected by Sarasin in Ceylon and recorded by Reichens- 

 perger, 1 has 16 arms 60 mm. long and the ciiTi XX vdth some 20 segments, 15 mm. 

 long; the IIIBr series are all 3 (2 + 3); the brachials are moderately broad; in spite of 

 the number of arms this strongly recalls the form described by Bell as coppingeri. 

 A second specimen has exactly 20 arms, with the brachials markedly shorter than in 

 the first, and XVIII cirri from 17 to 19 mm. in length. The two remaining speci- 



