2 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 234 



science and two represent new subspecies. Records are given also of 

 all species of cephalopods reliably reported in the literature as occurring 

 in the Philippine Islands. This brings the total number of species now 

 known to occur in this region to 54, an increase of 43 species re- 

 sulting from the present study. 



During the course of this study I also drew freely on the collections 

 of the U.S. National Museum for comparative material, material 

 consisting in the main of the collection of cephalopods from the 

 Japanese Islands made by the Albatross and reported on by Madoka 

 Sasaki. Direct comparison of this material with the Philippine 

 specimens has greatly facilitated the conclusions given. For certain 

 other supplementary material, I am indebted to Mr. Inuncio Ronquillo 

 of the Bureau of Fisheries, Manila. 



A short period of research in the British Museum in London per- 

 mitted me to examine several types whose relations to the Phihppine 

 species were in doubt. For permission to examine these collections 

 I wish to thank the authorities of the British Museum, Mr. Ian Gal- 

 braith, presently in charge of the mollusk collections, and especially 

 Dr. W. J. Rees, formerly in charge of the cephalopod collections, who 

 gave valuable assistance and advice and made available several rare 

 volumes for reference. 



I am especially indebted to Dr. Harald A. Rehder, Curator of 

 MoUusks, U.S. National Museum, for pointing out the need for this 

 work, for placing the collections at my disposal, and for affording 

 working room in his department during my study at that institution. 

 He also offered many suggestions and has critically read the manu- 

 script. My colleague, Dr. C. Richard Robins, Curator of Fishes, 

 Marine Museum, The Marine Laboratory, made valuable suggestions 

 on nomenclatural problems. 



To my wife, Nancy A. Voss, must go special thanks for the illustra- 

 tions accompanjdng this work. Their accuracy is such that compara- 

 tive measurements may be taken directly from the drawings, and 

 details have been faithfully executed. Many minor discrepancies 

 were noted by her while drawing, and the descriptions of the specimens 

 are more accurate and exact owing to her marginal notes on the work- 

 ing sheets. Her constant encouragement is gratefully acknowledged. 



The excellent photographs are the work of Mr. Walter R. Courte- 

 nay, of The Marine Laboratory. 



Dr. Grace E. Pickford, of the Bingham Oceanographic Laboratory, 

 Yale University, placed at my disposal a copy of her unpublished 

 manuscript revision of the octopods of the Indo-Malayan region 

 based on the collections of the British Museum. This work has been 

 of invaluable assistance in the identification of the octopods in the 

 collections. 



