Solid Tan 



One Ounce of Matter 



White inner bark of old oak, contains 108 72 



young oak 111 77 



Spanish chestnut 89 63 



Leicester willow 117 72 



Middle hark of oak 43 19 



Spanish chestnut 41 14 



Leicester willow 34 16 



Entire bark of oak 61 29 



Spanish chestnut 53 21 



Leicester willow / 1 33 



Sicilian sumach 165 78 



Malaga sumach 156 79 



Bombay catechu 261 



Bengal catechu 231 



Nut-galls 180 127 



Of Tazvifig, Leather-dressing and Dveing, and other Processes. — 

 The dressing and preparing of the skins of lambs, sheep, goats 

 and other thin hides, though in many particulars closely resembling 

 the method used with the thick cow and ox hides, forms a totally 

 distinct branch of business, and is one in which a good deal of 

 practical skill and nicety of manipulation are required to succeed 

 perfectly. The processes are various according to the article 

 required, and this branch of the manufacture supplies the immense 

 demand of white and dyed leather for gloves, the morocco leather 

 of dif^-erent colours and qualities for coach-linings, book-bindings, 

 pocketbooks, and thin leather for an infinite number of smaller 

 purposes. Of these the white leather alone is not tanned but 

 finished by the process of tawing, the coloured leather receives 

 always a tanning independently of the other dyeing materials. 

 The previous preparation of each, or that in which the skin is 

 thoroughly cleansed and reduced to the state of simple membrane 

 in which it is called pelt, is essentially the same whether for tawing 

 or dyeing. It is thus performed at Bermondsey, near London, a 

 place long celebrated for all branches of the leather business. 



By far the greater number of the skins are imported; if lambs, 

 they are thus prepared; the skins are soaked for a time in water, 

 to cleanse them from any loose dirt and blood, and put upon the 

 beam commonly used for the purpose, which is a half cylinder of 

 wood covered with leather, and scraped on the flesh side with the 

 semicircular blunt knife with two handles, used in this operation. 

 Thev are then covered with a coat of lime of the consistence of paint, 



83 



