34 



BULLETIN 119, U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



pendent vaporizing apparatus. A light oil of a specific gravity of not 

 over 0.725 was injected directly into the cylinder on the suction 

 stroke by means of a force pump. Upon entering it formed a spraj''^ 

 was mixed with air, vaporized, compressed, and ignited as in the gas 

 engine. 



FIG. 11. WHITING AIR AND STEAM ENGINE, 1S79. 



Model of James M. Whiting Air and Steam Engine, TJ. S. Patent, No. 

 217757, July 22, 1879. Transferred from United States Patent Office. 



The engine consists of a tubular steam boiler of ordinary construc- 

 tion, having above it a hollow cylinder which is connected on one 

 side and at the top by pipes from the boiler. There are also other 

 pipe connections from the cylinder to an air pump and to the valve 

 opposite the engine proper. 



The cylinder is so constructed and connected with the boiler and 

 encased in a jacket that the escaping heat may be utilized in keeping 



