78 BULLETIN 119, U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



hour and a working steam at three-quarters stroke the engine would 

 develop about 12 horsepower. Rich pine wood was the fuel used. 

 Upon trial it was found that the wheels were too weak for lateral 

 strains exerted upon them in rounding curA'es, and they had to be 

 rebuilt with wrought-iron spokes. 



The engine proved highly efficient and doubled the power and 

 speed stipulated in the contract. Cat. No. 180,244 U.S.N.M. 



Copy of the Original Drawing of the " West Point," the Second Locomotive 

 Engine Built for Actual Service on a Railroad in the United States. 



This locomotive was made for the South Carolina Railroad in 1830 

 by the West Point Foundry Association. It had the same size engine, 

 frame, wheels, and cranks as the " Best Friend," but had a horizontal 

 tubular boiler. The tubes were 2^ inches in diameter and about 6 

 feet long. 



The i^ublic demonstration of this locomotive's power was made on 

 March 5, 1831, on Sunday afternoon. The Charleston Courier of 

 March 12th describes this trip as follows : 



The locomotive " West Point," under the charge of Stephen Lee Alison, under- 

 went a trial of speed with the barrier car and four cars for passengers on our 

 railroad. There were 117 passengers, of which number 50 were ladies, in the 

 four cars, with 6 bales of cotton on the barrier car ; and the trip to the Five-Mile 

 House, 2f miles, was completed in eleven minutes. The 2i miles to the forks of 

 Dorchester Road were completed in eight minutes. The safety has been insured 

 by the introduction of the barrier car and the improvements of the formation 

 of the flange of the wheels, which, we learn, was made by a young mechanic of 

 the city, Mr. Julius D. Petsch, in the company's service. 



The barrier car referred to was a car surmounted with six square 

 bales of cotton strapped upon it by means of hoop iron, and was run 

 with every passenger train, being placed between the locomotive and 

 passenger cars as a means of protection from steam or hot water 

 should an accident occur. Cat. No. 180, 711 U.S.N.M. 



The Locomotive " John Bull," 1831. No. 1, Camden and Amboy Railroad 

 Company. The Oldest Complete Locomotive in America. Built by George 

 Stephenson and Son, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England, 1830-31; Shipped 

 from Liverpool July 14, 1831, on the Ship "Allegheny" Bound for Phila- 

 delphia. Gift of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, 1885. "Plate 2. 



On November 12, 1831, in the presence of members of the New Jer- 

 sey Legislature, with Isaac Dripps acting as engineer, in a train with 

 two cars, this locomotive made the first movement by steam in the 

 State of New Jersey, at Bordentown, where the Railroad Monument 

 now stands. The " John Bull " was in continuous service from 1831 

 to 1865, during which time it was altered and added to. It was ex- 



