82 BULLETIN 119, V. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



hauled the first passenger train in the State of Pennsylvania. The 

 trial trip was made on the Norristown Eailroad, November 23, 1832. 

 traveling 6 miles at a speed of 28 miles an hour. After several suc- 

 cessful trials " Old Ironsides " with improvements attained a speed 

 of 30 miles an hour with the usual train attached. 



The locomotive is a four-wheeled engine with the driving wheels 

 in front of the fire box and the carrying wheels close behind the 

 smoke box. In working order it weighed about 12,000 pounds. The 

 cylinders were 9^ by 18 inches, the driving wheels were 54 inches, and 

 the front wheels 45 inches. The boiler was 30 inches in diameter and 

 contained seventy-two copper flues 1^ inches by 7 feet. 



Cat.'No. 180,114 U.S.N.M. 



Photograph of the Locomotive " Pioneer," 1836. Purchased. 



This locomotive was the thirty-seventh built by M. W. Baldwin 

 and was completed in 1836 for the Utica and Schenectady Railroad. 

 It was later sold to the Michigan Central Railroad and was called 

 the "Alert." While owned by this road a few changes were made 

 on the engine. Originally it had a single fixed eccentric for each 

 cylinder, with two arms extending backward having drop hooks to 

 engage with a pin on a rocker arm which actuated the valve rod. 

 That motion was removed and double eccentrics with V-hook put in 

 its place. 



When the Chicago and North Western Railway began to lay its 

 tracks in 1848, they purchased the "Alert " and renamed it the 

 " Pioneer." 



The "Pioneer" is the same type as Baldwin's second engine, the 

 " E. L. Miller," but is larger and has 2 inches longer stroke and the 

 improved valve motion just mentioned. 



Cat. No. 180,046 U.S.N.M. 



Model of the Locomotive " Sandusky," 1837. Made in the Museum. 



This is the first locomotive built by Rogers, Ketcham, and Com- 

 pany, Patterson, New Jersey, completed in 1837, and placed in 

 service on the Mad River and Lake Erie Railroad at Sandusky, Ohio, 

 in 1838. Its cylinders were 11 inches in diameter by 16 inches stroke, 

 with one pair of driving wheels 4 feet 6 inches in diameter, which 

 were placed in front of the fire box. The engine had a truck in front 

 with four 30-inch wheels; the cylinders were inside the frames and 

 were connected to the wheel axle. The eccentrics were outside of the 

 frame and the eccentric rods extended back to rocking shafts which 

 were located on the footboard. The smoke pipe was of the bonnet 

 type and had a deflecting cone in its center. The edges of the cone 

 were curled over so as to deflect the sparks downward. The driving 



