86 



BULLETIN 119, U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



Model of the Running Gear of a Locomotive. Patented in 1851 by Ross 

 Winans and Incorporated in a Locomotive ¥sed on the Baltimore and 

 Ohio Railroad, Called " Carroll of Carrollton." 



The early locomotive designers the world over made a common mis- 

 take in imagining that the size of driving wheels instead of the size 

 boiler controlled the speed capacity of a locomotive. This idea led 

 Boss Winans to invent and patent a locomotive which was called 

 " Carroll of Carrollton." It had a single pair of driving wheels 7 

 feet in diameter and four-wheel trucks both front and rear. The 

 deficiency of adhesion noticeable in other engines having larger 

 driving wheels was supposed to be eliminated in this engine, but a 

 trial did not prove this and the engine did not secure any success and 

 never did any regular work. Cat. No. 251,273 U.S.N.M. 



FIG. 41. CATHCART RACK-RAIL LOCOMOTIVE, 1849. 



A Complete Working Model of an "American " Type Locomotive. (Scale 

 ^ inch equals 1 foot.) Made by George Boshart. Loaned by John S. 

 Clarke, Ardmore, Pa., Vice President of The Autocar Company. 



This model is as complete in its interior parts as in its exterior 

 parts and can be operated under its own power with coal for fuel. 

 It represents the passenger type, high-speed simple-cylinder locomo- 

 tive of the period 1890-1900. 



Of the "American" locomotive, Mr. Angus Sinclair, in his book, 

 the " Development of the Locomotive Engine," writes : 



For the first forty years of railroad operating, the dominating aim of design- 

 ers and locomotive builders was to produce a locomotive suitable for all kinds 

 of train service, one that would be fairly efficient and durable enough to make 

 long mileage with small expense for repairs and subject to few failures. Except 



