58 BULLETIN 71, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



of the paper quoted are very poor when compared with the specimens. 

 I should place these specimens under V. polystropha Reuss, as they 

 seem to have all the characteristics of Brady's figures of that species. 

 The above description is taken from Goes. 



Genus VALVULINA d'Orbigny, 1826. 



Valvulina d'Orbigny (type, V. triangularis d'Orbigny), Ann. Sci. Nat., vol. 7, 

 1826, p. 270.— II. B. Brady, Rep. Voy. ( 'hallenger, Zoology, vol. 9, 1884, p. 391. 

 Rotalina (part) Williamson, Rec. Foram. Great Britain, 1858, p. 55. 



Description. — Test spiral, conical, with three chambers in a whorl, 

 umbilicate, usually attached; wall arenaceous, fairly smooth; aperture 

 provided with a valvular tooth; color usually reddish brown, area of 

 fixation white or light gray. 



The genus Valvulina as designated by d'Orbigny includes various 

 fossil forms which differ somewhat in shape from our recent species 

 but only in minor points. Typically the test is attached but it is 

 not always found in place. The area of fixation is large. 



The genus is best represented by fossil species, the recent ones being 

 few and specimens rare. 



c 



Fig. 93.— Valvulina conica. x 40. a, front view; 6, from above; c, from below. 



VALVULINA CONICA (Parker and Jones). 



Valvulina triangularis Parker and Jones, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 2, vol. 



19, 1857, p. 295, pi. 11, figs. 15, 16 (not Valvulina triangularis d'Orbigny). 

 Valvulina triangularis, var. conica Parker and Jones, Philos. Trans. Roy Soc, 



vol. 155, 1865, p. 406, pi. 15, fig. 27. 

 Valvulina conica M. Sars, Vid. Selsk. Forh., 1868, p. 249. — H. B. Brady, Rep. 



Voy. Challenger, Zoology, vol. 9, 1884, p. 392, pi. 49, figs. 15, 16.— H. B. Brady, 



Parker, and Jones, Trans. Zool. Soc, vol. 12, 1888, p. 220, pi. 41, fig. 21; 



pi. 42, figs. 16, 17.— Goes, Kongl. Svensk. Vet. Akad. Handl., vol. 25, No. 



9, 1894, p. 39, pi. 8, figs. 342-352.— Flint, Rep. 17. S. Nat. Mus., 1897 (1899), 



p. 286, pi. 31, fig. 3. 



Description. — Test typically attached, conical, often with the axis 

 somewhat curved, the apical end bluntly pointed, the affixed end 

 flat and truncate, even concave ; chambers arranged spirally, but so 



