702 BRUNNICH S GUILLEMOT. 



lemot which was undoubtedly killed near Havre in France. The 

 species is a straggler to the coasts of the North Sea during winter, 

 and sometimes visits the higher latitudes of Norway in considerable 

 numbers ; but it has not yet been recognized in the Faroes, while 

 even in Iceland it is almost confined to the northern districts. In 

 Greenland it breeds above lat. 64*^, and Col. Feilden has described 

 (Zool. 1878, p. 380) his visit to a vast colony or " loomery " in the 

 cliffs of Sanderson's Hope — over a thousand feet in height — a little 

 to the south of Upernavik ; he also observed two individuals in 

 August as far north as lat. 79°, after which this bird was not seen 

 again until the return of the ' Alert ' to navigable water south of 

 Cape Sabine. It abounds on Jan Mayen, as well as Spitsbergen, 

 and round the latter it seems to pass the winter, for at So° N. Mr. 

 Arnold Pike records its presence on January nth; while at Franz 

 Josef Land, where there are several "loomeries," Mr. B. Leigh Smith's 

 party met with it on March 9th ; and Dr. Nansen shot a bird in 

 lat. 82° 19' N. It is also plentiful on Novaya Zemlya and along the 

 Siberian coast of the Arctic Ocean as far as the waters to the north 

 of Bering Strait. In Bering Sea and the North Pacific, American 

 naturalists distinguish a larger sub-species, which they call Uria 

 lomvia arm ; but on the Atlantic sea-board the typical form breeds 

 abundantly down to the Gulf of St. Lawrence, while in the winter 

 of 1896 its range extended to South Carolina, and several birds 

 were captured as far inland as Indiana. 



The eggs are, as a rule, somewhat thicker and blunter than those 

 of the Common Guillemot, but they are subject to the same 

 variations in colour, though in green specimens that colour is 

 perhaps a trifle more pronounced. The food and habits, so far as is 

 known, do not differ materially from those of the preceding species. 



The adult in summer has the beak black, with a whitish line 

 along the edge of the upper mandible from the nostrils to the gape ; 

 crown of the head and nape black, with a greenish gloss ; remaining 

 upper-parts duller black ; secondaries tipped with white ; throat and 

 fore-neck sooty-brown, as in the Razorbill ; under-parts white, that 

 colour running more to a point in front of the neck than is the case 

 with the Common Guillemot, in which the white usually terminates 

 in a rounded arch. Length of a male 18 in,; wing 8*25 in. ; the 

 female being rather smaller. The dark throat is lost in winter, as 

 it is in U. iroile ; and in the young bird the bill is much smaller 

 than in the adult. White varieties have been met with by Co). 

 Feilden in the Greenland and Spitsbergen seas. 



