86 BULLETIN 15 6, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



panels indicating the body or limbs of life forms, the head of which 

 appears in high relief. Effigy bowls or jars to which animal or 

 human characters are given by a head, arms, legs, or wings in relief 

 by means of clay coils are infrequent. 



The molding of entire human figures was almost impossible to the 

 Arawak artist. He had developed no conventional technic for 

 doing this, showing thus a lack of contact with what has come to be 

 known as the archaic. Of course, it is possible that the potters' arts, 

 filtering from the more highly developed peoples in Colombia and 

 Central America to the less developed Arawak and other tribes of 

 the South American lowlands, never had carried with it the details 

 of conventional design of the human body. At any rate when such 

 molded figurines do occur in the AVest Indies they are unique, being 

 entirely dissimilar to those from the archaic horizon. A fragmen- 

 tary earthenware figurine, 4.2 inches (10.6 centimeters) long, and 

 cross sectional diameter 2.2 inches (5.6 centimeters) , has arms consist- 

 ing of raised ribbons of clay extending down the back and across the 

 sides. Legs are not represented. This is the same technic as is 

 found in the zemi figures carved from stone. This is a clue per- 

 haps to the use to which this figurine was put, that is, in religious 

 ceremonies as a zemi or idol. The fragmentary head still shows the 

 method of eye molding resembling the split coffee bean. Nose and 

 mouth in relief are less conventional and more realistic. (PI. 36.) 

 Valley of Constanza. 



Earthenware figurine : 4.1 inches (10.4 centimeters) long; cross sec- 

 tion 2.4 inches (6.2 centimeters). Body fragmentary, but the etched 

 representation of an animal figurine head appears at one end. This 

 bit of primitive modeled sculpture very much resembles petroglyphs 

 found in the Guacara cave near Cotui and in St. Vincent, British 

 West Indies. Impossible to determine type of animal represented. 

 Technic used to obtain the impression desired is by line etchings, 

 concentric circles, with terminal punctation and two central excava- 

 tions or pits representing eyes. From the valley of Constanza. 

 (PI. 36.) 



Fragmentary portions of human figurines with details represent- 

 ing arms and legs are of sporadic occurrence. One of these frag- 

 ments representing the left foot and a portion of the leg is 1.9 inches 

 (4.8 centimeters) long, 0.8 inch (2.3 centimeters) wide. Nothing of 

 any merit in the technic revealed. Crudely molded. No arch on 

 the foot. Toes are represented by transverse incisions. Another 

 more ambitious modeling of what appears to be the right foot and 

 lower leg of a human figurine is 3.1 inches (8 centimeters) in length. 

 The foot is flat, toes indicated by transverse incisions shoAving no 

 realism in form; the thickened knee joint, however, betraying an 

 appreciation of form. A peculiar spur resembling the toe on the 



