FAMILY ECHENEIDAE — LACHNER 77 



Echeneis naucrates Lacep^de, Histoire naturalle des poissous, vol. 3, p. 162, pi. 9, 



largest fig., 1802. 

 Echeneis lunata Bancroft, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc, vol. 1, p. 134, 1830 (type 



locality, Kingston, Jamaica). 

 Echeneis vittata Ruppell, Neue Wirbelthiere zu der Fauna von Abyssinien 



gehorig, p. 82, 1835 (type locality. Red Sea). 

 Echeneis fusca Gronow in Gray, Catalogue of fish collected and described by 



L. T. Gronow, p. 92, 1854 (in part; type locality, "Oceano Americano"). 

 Echeneis fasciata Gronow in Gray, Catalogue of fish collected and described by 



L. T. Gronow, p. 92, 1854 (type locality, "Mari Mediterraneo"?). 

 Echeneis griaican Poey, Memorias . . ., vol. 2, p. 248, 1860 (type locality, 



Cuba). 

 Echeneis metallica Poey, Memorias . . ., vol. 2, p. 252, 1860 (type locality, 



Cuba). 

 Leptecheneis neucrates Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 16, p. 60, 



1864. 

 Leptecheneis naucrates Jordan and Seale, Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish., vol. 25, p. 411, 



1906. 

 Leptecheneis flaviveniris Seale, Occ. Pap. Bishop Mus., vol. 4, No. 1, p. 83, fig. 



23, 1906 (type locality, Mangareva Island). 



SPECIMENS STUDIED 



Bikini Atoll: 5 stations, 6 specimens, 88 to 656 mm. in standard length. 

 Eniwetok Atoll: 3 stations, 7 specimens, 425 to 473 mm. 

 Rongelap Atoll: 1 station, 1 specimen, 126 mm. 



Description. — Counts and measurements were taken from the 14 

 specimens listed above, ranging from 88 to 656 mm. Dorsal rays 

 36 to 42, anal rays 34 to 37, pectoral rays 21 to 24; disk laminae 21 to 

 26; gill rakers on lower limb, excluding all rudiments, 11 to 16. 



Head length 17 to 20; snout length 8 to 10; least depth of caudal 

 peduncle 1.8 to 2.7; disk length 23 to 26; disk width 7 to 9; distance 

 from anus to mid-base of hypural 49 to 54; diameter of eye 2.7 to 

 3.5; all in percent of standard length. 



Upper and lower jaws and vomer with largepatch of sharp, posteriorly 

 recurved, canine teeth; teeth not markedly different in size, those on 

 outer margin of lower jaw largest; villiform tooth patch on tongue; 

 no palatine teeth. 



A comblike fringe of closely set denticles on anterior margin of 

 upper jaw on each side extending from about the symphysis almost 

 to angles of jaw. 



Disk spinules elongate, sharply pointed, arranged more or less in 

 2 to 4 transverse rows on each side of the laminae. 



Medial spinelike process located in oval cavity just before the 

 first (anterior) laminae, nearly straight, erect, exposed in smaller 

 specimens, sickle-shaped but embedded in larger ones. 



The transformation of the caudal fin in this species is characteristic 

 of the subfamily Echeneiinae. The young have an elongate, mid- 



