82 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 2 02 Vol. 3 



caudal peduncle dark brown or blackish, tips pale; dorsal and anal 

 fins pale, their rays blackish basally; caudal fin black. Dorsal 

 rays 1,28; anal 25, pectoral 13, gill rakers 27. 



Amanses scopas (Cuvier) 

 86. No patch of enlarged spines or bristles on middle of posterior part of 

 sides. 

 9a. Caudal peduncle with numerous close-set small fine spinelike or 

 chagreenlike scales; dorsal and anal fins low and rounded in 

 small specimens, elevated anteriorly in large; some specimens 

 with small branched fleshy cirri scallered over sides; size less 

 than 150 mm. Color of head and body light brov^Ti to dark 

 brown; cheeks with 6 dark lines radiating from mouth toward 

 eye and gill opening, lower sides with faint round or oval spots, 

 smaller than pupil; iris blackish, rim of orbit darker than 

 ground color ; dorsal and anal fins pale, rays brownish basally, 

 usually with a pale spot on caudal peduncle opposite rear base 

 of dorsal and anal fins; caudal fin rays dark brown, membranes 

 pale. Dorsal rays 1,33 to 36, anal 29 to 32; pectoral 13 or 14; 

 gill rakers 33 to 44. 



Amanses sandwichiensis (Quoy and Gaimard) 

 96. Caudal peduncle armed with two rows of strong retrorse spines, 

 2 spines per row; dorsal and anal fins rounded, only shghtly 

 elevated anteriorly; no fleshy cirri on body; size greater than 

 150 mm. Color of head and body greyish brown, everywhere 

 with tiny dark reddish brown dots; upper lip dark along 

 margin, pale band on rest of lip, lower hp almost entirely pale; 

 narrow rim of orbit white; margin of opercular flap blackish; 

 posterior part of sides with 9 or 10 faint dark brown vertical 

 bars, spines and their basal plates on caudal peduncle white; 

 caudal peduncle pale on posterior part in some specimens; 

 dorsal and anal fins pale; caudal fin sometimes with narrow 

 pale fine basally, usually its rays dusky brown to tips, mem- 

 branes pale. Dorsal rays 1,34 to 37; anal 30 to 32; pectoral 

 rays 15; gill rakers 30 to 32. 



Araa,nses carolae (Jordan and McGregor) 

 76. Snout produced, mouth dorsal; angle of snout profile with lengthwise 

 axis of body 24 to 30 degrees; dorsal spine inserted above middle of 

 eye, with small spines on anterior surface, posterolateral surface 

 with row of downward curved barbs; each scale of body with 2 or 

 3 short sharp pointed retrorse spines, spines on caudal peduncle 

 longer, some antrorse; caudal peduncle deeper than long. Color 

 of head and body pale yellowish, head with greenish lines extending 

 foreward along snout; body with 6 or 7 lengthwise rows of round, 

 yellowish white spots about size of eye, interspaces dark, bluish 

 green ; pelvic fin membrane black ; dorsal and anal fins pale ; caudal 

 fin pale or dusky with oblong black submarginal streak on middle 

 3 or 4 rays. Dorsal rays I,i,31 or 32, anal i,30 or 31, pectoral i,10 

 or 11, gill rakers 16. 



Oxymonacanthus longirostris (Bloch and Schneider) 

 16. Pelvic spine absent. 



10a. Anal rays less than 40; body short, deep, rounded; bellj'^ distensible; 

 pelvic obscured ; no ventral flap ; dorsal spine inserted over posterior 

 margin of eye. 



