FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS AND ADJACENT SEAS 49 



Differs from Parapriacanthus unwini; is much less spiny and with 

 more numerous scales. 



PARAPRIACANTHUS ARGENTEUS (Von Sonde) 



Parapempheris argenteiis Von Bonde, Fisher. Mar. Biol. Surv. South Africa, 

 Rep. No. 3, 1922 (1924), p. 11, pi. 2, fig. 2. Natal coast, 33 fathoms.— 

 Baenard, Annals South African Mus., vol. 21, pt. 2, Oct. 1927, p. 667 

 (Natal). 



Depth 2% ; head 2%. Snout 3% in head from snout tip ; eye 

 2%, greater than snout; maxillary reaches y^ in eye, expansion 21/5 

 in eye, length 2 in head from snout tip; teeth minute, uniserial in 

 both jaws, on vomer and palatines; interorbital apparently level. 

 Scales 75 in lateral line; 7 scales above lateral line, 21 below, about 

 35 predorsal forward midway in interorbital, 8 rows on cheek to 

 preopercle ridge. 



D. V, 9, first ray 1% in total head length; A. II, 23, first ray 

 .2%; caudal li/^, well forked; least depth of caudal peduncle 3l^; 

 I'ectoral ly^ ; ventral 2i^. Silvery, especiallj'^ anterior half of body 

 and opercle, posterior half yellowish. 



Scales on nape of neck with black spots and snout marked with 

 black spots dorsally. Dorsal and ventral ends of caudal marked 

 with black blotch. Length 70 mm. (Von Bonde.) 



Off Natal. 



Genus PEMPHERIS Cuvier 



Pempheris Cuvieb, Regne Animal, ed. 2, vol. 2, 1829, p. 195. Type Pemplwris 



touea Cuvieb = Sparus ? compresus Shaw, designated by Jordan and 



EvEBMANN, Genera of Fishes, pt. 1, 1917, p. 128. 

 Priacanthopsis Fowler, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1906, p. 122. Type 



Pempheris miilleri Poey, orthotypic. 

 Catalufa Snyder, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 40, 1911, p. 528. Type Catalwfa 



umbra Snyder, orthotypic. 

 Liopemplieris Ogilby, Mem. Queensland Mus., vol. 2, Dec. 10, 1913, p. 61 (66). 



Type Pempheris multiraddata KLtrNziNOEK, designated by Jordan, Genera 



of Fishes, pt. 4, 1920, p. 549. 



Body rather deeply ovoid, tapering to narrow and small caudal 

 peduncle. Head obtusely convex. Eye large, without adipose lids. 

 Mandible usually projecting. Maxillary expanded behind. Teeth 

 in narrow bands in jaws, none on tongue. Preorbital entire. Pre- 

 opercle with 1 to 5 flattened spines about angle. Gill rakers long 

 and numerous. Air bladder and pyloric caeca well developed. Scales 

 usually ctenoid, sometimes whole side variably smooth, often with 

 small auxiliary basal scales. Anal scaly, also caudal. Anal begins 

 behind dorsal base, with more than 30 soft rays. Caudal emarginate 

 or little forked. 



