FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS AND ADJACENT SEAS 55 



114 to 114, deeply emargiiiate; least depth of caudal peduncle 4% 

 to 4l^ ; pectoral II/5 to ly^ ; ventral 2l^ to 2l^. 



Brown above, sides and below silvery white. Iris white. Fins 

 all pale except broad deep brown border to dorsal. Anal uniformly 

 pale, specked with dusky basally. 



Brazil, Barbados, West Indies, Cuba, Yucatan, Pacific coast of 

 Mexico. 



I can not find that the nominal Pe?nphe7%s Tnulleri or Penipheris 

 poeyi are. in any way valid. The latter is evidently founded on the 

 younger stage of development with fewer anal rays. I have seen 

 no large examples with so few branched rays, though small examples 

 often have an increased number. At present a single species seems 

 to occur in the western Atlantic and is quite variable in its extremes. 

 Pempheris polio Breeder (Bull. Bingham. Oceanog. Coll., vol. 1, art. 

 1, 1927, p. 32, figs. 15-16, Isle of Pines and Cuba) is scarcely different. 



4721 U.S.N.M. Cuba. Felipe Poey. Length 105 mm. 



24957 U.S.N.M. Cuba. Felipe Poey. Length 110 mm., in poor condition. Type 



of Pempheris miilleri. 

 35106 U.S.N.M. Havana, Cuba. D. S. Jordan. Length 115 mm. 

 37111 U.S.N.M. Cozumel, Yucatan. Albatross Collection. Length 26 to 47 mm. 



37 examples. 

 37184 U.S.N.M. Cuba. Felipe Poey. Length 53? mm. (caudal damaged). Type 



of Pempheris poeyi. 

 37474 U.S.N.M. Cuba, Felipe Poey. Length 59 to 65 mm. 8 examples. 

 37502 U.S.N.M. Cuba. Felipe Poey. Length 42 mm. 

 48325 U.S.N.M. Bahia, Brazil. Albatross Collection 1887. Length 120 mm. 



PEMPHERIS MANGULA Cuvier 



Pempheris m,angula Ctjvieb, Regne Animal, ed. 2, vol. 2, 1829, p. 195 (on Man- 

 gula kutti Russell, Fishes of Coromandel, vol. 2, 1803, p. 10, pi. 114, 

 Vizagapatam) ; Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 7, 1831, p. 304. — RtJpPELL, Neue Wir- 

 belth., Fische, 1835, p. 36 (Mohila, Red Sea).— GiJNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. 

 Mus., vol. 2, 1860, p. 509 (compiled). — Klunzingek, Verb. zool. bot. Ges, 

 Wien, vol. 21, 1871, p. 469 (Koseir, Red Sea).— Day, Fishes of India, pt. 2, 

 l'S76, p. 175 (not pi. 42, fig. 3) (part).— Bleeker, Atlas Ichth. Ind. Neer- 

 land., vol. 9, 1877, p. 6, pi. (1)383, fig. 2 (Pinang, Singapore, Java, Celebes, 

 Timor, Halmaheira, Amboina). — Schmeltz, Cat. Mus. Godeftroy, No. 7, 

 1879, p. 46 (Huahine, Society Islands).— Pohl, Cat. Mus. GodefEroy, No. 9, 

 1884, p. 30 (Huahine).— Klunzingek, Fische Roth. Meer., 1884, p. 81.— 

 Pellegein, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, vol, 30, 1905, p, 84 (Bale d' Along, 

 Tonkin), — Regan, Ann. Durban Mus., vol. 1, 1914-1917, p. 459 (Durban). — 

 Fowler, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1925, p. 227 (Natal). — Barnard, 

 Ann. South Afric. Mus., vol. 21, pt. 2, Oct., 1927, p. 666 (part).— Fowler, 

 Mem. Bishop Mus., vol. 10, 1928, p. 191 (compiled). 



Pempheris molucca (not Cuvier) Day, Fishes of India, pt. 2, 1876, p. 175, pi. 

 42, fig. 2 (Kurrachee).— Regan, Ann. Natal Gov, Mus,, vol. 1, 1908, p. 245 

 (Kosi Bay). — Gilchrist and Thompson, Ann. Durban Mus., vol. 1, pt. 4, 

 1917, p, 320 (part).— Fowler, Proc. Acad. Nat, Sci. Philadelphia, 1923, p. 

 39 (Madagascar). 



Pempheris rhomboidea Kossmann and Rauber, Wiss, Ergebn, Reise Kiistengeb. 

 Roth, Meers, vol, 1, 1877, p. 18 in key, pi. 1, fig. 4. Red Sea, 



