60 BULLETIN 10 0, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



Pempheris otaitensis Citviek, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 7, 1S31, p. 304. Tahiti. — 

 Lessocs-, Voy. Coquille, ZooL, vol. 2, pt. 1, Nov. 12, 1831, p. 167 (Tahiti).— 

 GtJNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol 2, 1860, p. 568 (China; Amboina). — 

 Kner, Reise Novara, Fische, 1865, p. 171 (Java). — Bleeker, Atlas Ichth. 

 Ind. Neerland., vol. 9, 1876-1877, p. 8, pi. 1(383), fig. 1 (Amboina; 

 Banda).— ScHMELTz, Cat. Mus. Godeffroy, No. 7, 1879, p. 46 (Tahiti). — 

 MACLmY, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, vol. 8, 1883, p. 265 (Hood 

 Bay, New Guinea).— Pohl, Cat. Mus. Godeffroy, No. 9, 1884, p. 30 (South 

 Seas). — Meyer, Anal. Soc. Espan. Hist. Nat., Madrid, vol. 14, 1885, p. 23 

 (north Celebes; Cebu). — Sauvage, Hist. Nat. Madagascar, Poiss., 1891, p. 

 286 (type).— Seale. Ocoas. Pap. Bishop Mus., vol. 1, No. 3, 1900 (1901), 

 p. 74 (Guam).— Regan, Ann. Durban Mus., vol. 1, 1914-1917, p. 169 (Dur- 

 ban). — Gilchrist and Thompson, Ann. Durban Mus., vol. 1, pt. 4, 1914-1917, 

 p. 320 (compiled).— Barnard, Ann. South Afric. Mus., vol. 21, pt. 2, Oct. 

 1927, p. 666 (Natal).— Fowler, Mem. Bishop Mus., vol. 10, 1928, p. 191 

 (Tahiti, Guam, Apia, Samoa, Society Islands). 



Pempheris taitensis Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 7, 1831, pi. 191. 



Pempheris mangula (not Cuvier) GiJNTHEai, Journ. Mus. GodefEroy, vol. 4, pt. 

 11, 1875, p. 102, pi. 59, fig. B (Samoa, Vanicolo, Kingsmills, Carolines). — 

 Seale, Occas. Pap. Bishop Mus., vol. 4, No. 1, 1906, p. 32 (Tahiti). 



Pempheris adustus Bleeker, Arch. Neerland. Sci. Nat., vol. 12, 1877, p. 50. 

 Amboina; Atlas Ichth. Ind. Neerland., vol. 9, 1876-1877, p. 7, pi. (1)383, 

 fig. 1 (Amboina). — Fowler and Bean, Proc. U. S. Nat Mus., vol. 71, 1927, 

 p. 6 (Poeloe Toekus, Sumatra). 



Depth 21/5 to 21/3; head Sy^ to 31/2, width 1% to 1%. Snout 43/5 

 to 5 in head from snout tip; eye 21/5 to 2I/2, greater than snout or 

 interorbital ; maxillary reaches % to % in eye, expansion 2% to 3 in 

 eye, length 1% in head from snout tip; teeth villiform, in broad 

 bands in jaws, on vomer and palatines, none on tongue; interorbital 

 3 to 3%, convex. Gill rakers 10 + 21, lanceolate, slender, 1% in 

 eye ; gill filaments % of gill rakers. 



Scales 50 to 64 in lateral line to caudal base; 6 or 7 scales above 

 lateral line, 15 or 16 below, 54 to 57 predorsal to snout tip. Scales 

 largely cycloid, little ctenoid on lower surface of head and breast. 

 Scales with 11 to 14 basal radiating striae; circuli very fine. 



D. V or VI, 9, I or 10, i, first branched ray li/g to 11/5 in total 

 head length; A. Ill, 39, i or 40, i, first branched ray 1% to 21/8; 

 caudal 1, little emarginate behind ; least depth of caudal peduncle 3 to 

 31/8 ; pectoral 1 to V/^ ; ventral 1% to 2. 



Dark brown, sometimes copper}^, generally with swarthy appear- 

 ance, little paler on side of head and belly. Iris yellowish to dull 

 brownish, with neutral gra^^ shades. Dorsal light brown, with 

 neutral dusky front border whole length. Caudal brownish like 

 body, hind margin of upper lobe usually blackish. Anal brownish 

 like body. Paired fins dull brown, with broad black blotch across 

 base of former. 



Natal, East Indies, Philippines, China, Riu Kiu, Melanesia, Mi- 

 cronesia, Polynesia. Eeadily known by the black blotch at the 



