FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS AND ADJACENT SEAS 179 



ward of occiput. Scales all finely ctenoid, largely in slightly oblique 

 series, become more horizontal below lateral line or axial line of 

 body. Fins all with fine scales, at least basally. Dorsal with 

 10 spines, soft fin well pointed behind. Anal with 3 spines, soft fin 

 like soft dorsal, with 10 branched rays. Caudal emarginate, lobes 

 wide. Pectoral very long. Ventral shorter, not quite reaching anal. 

 This genus, associated with Lutjcmiis Bloch, is distinguished 

 chiefly by its fine, long, numerous gill rakers, to the number of 75 on 

 the lower branch of the first arch. It is further characterized by the 

 deep preopercular gash receiving an interopercular spine, which is 

 directed forward. Also the small front canines of each jaw are 

 directed forward. 



ANALYSIS OF SPECIES 



o\ Coloration greatly contrasted, back blackish brown with several white 

 blotches; head whitish, with end of muzzle and broad vertical band wide 

 as eye blackish; lower half of body whitish, except blackish longitudinal, 

 band from pectoral axil back through middle of tail ; fins largely black- 

 ish niger. 



a*. Dark brown, most every scale with gray or blue spot, edged darker, on head 

 often forming vermiculations ; fins largely dusky brown macularis. 



MACOLOR NIGER (Forsk&l) 



iiclaena nigra Forskal, Descript. Animal., 1775, pp. xi, 47. Djedda, Red Sea. — 



BoNNATERRE, Tabl. Ichth., 1788, p. 123 (Red Sea).— Gmeilin, Syst. Nat. 



Linn., vol. 1, 1789, p. 1300 (Arabia).— Walbaum, Artedi Pise., vol. 3, 1792, 



p. 308 (on Forskal). 

 Lutianus niger Schneider, Syst. Ichth. Bloch, 1801, p. 326 (Arabia). 

 Lutjanus nigra Day, Fishes of India, Suppl., 1888, p. 783 (Maldives). 

 Lutjanus niger Day, Fauna Brit. India, Fishes, vol. 1, 1889, p. 405. — Webes, 



Siboga Exp., vol. 57, Fische, 1913, p. 253, pi. 12, figs. 1-2 (Binongka; 



Banda). — Fowler, Mem. Bishop Mus., vol. 10, 1928, p. 203 (compiled). 

 Dlacope nigra Cuvieb, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 2, 1828, p.. 431 (on Forskal). — 



RtJppELL, Neue Wirbelth., Fische, 1835, p. 93, pi. 24. fig. (Djedda).— 



Klunzinger, Verb. zool. bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 20, 1870, p. 696 (Koseir, Red 



Sea). 

 Genyoroge nigra Gunther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 1, 1859, p. 176 (Red 



Sea). — Lunel, Mem. Soc. Phys. Hist. Nat. Geneve, vol. 27, 1881. p. 270 



(Mauritius). 

 Mesoprion niger Klunzinger, Fische Roth. Meer., 1884, p. 11 (Koseir). 

 Diacopc macolor Lesson, Bull. Sci. Nat. Ferussac, vol. 12, 1827, p. 138. New 



Guinea. — Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 2, 1828. p. 415 (New Guinea). — 



Lesson, Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris, vol. 4, 1828, p. 409 (Dorcy Harbor, New 



Guinea) ; Voy. Coquille, Zool., vol. 2, pt. Nov. 12, 1831, p. 230, pi. 22, fig. 2 



(Dorey Harbor). 

 Genyoroge macolor Gunther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 1, 1859, p. 170 (Molucca 



Sea; Amboina). — Playfair, Fishes of Zanzibar, 1866, p. 14 (Zanzibar; 



Aden).— ScHMELTz, Cat. Mus. Godeffroy, No. 4, 1869, p. 13 (Kandavu) ; No. 



7, 1879, p. 37 (Viti and Pelew Islands).— Pohl, Cat. Mus. Godeffroy. No. 9, 



1884, p. 26 (Pelew Islands). — INIeter, Anal. Soc. EspaQ. Hist. Nat., Madrid, 



vol. 14, 1885, p. 10 (North Celebes; Tabukan, Sangi).— Eler^v, Cat. Fauna 



Filip., vol. 1, 1895, p. 465 (Cebu; Samar ; Borongun). 



