FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS AND ADJACENT SEAS 199 



eye, length 1% to 2 in head from snout tip; teeth minute, sharp 

 pointed, form narrow uniform band in each jaw, though obsolete or 

 absent in mandible posteriorly ; interorbital SVs to 3%, broadly con- 

 vex; preopercle edge entire, flange with fine parallel venules. Gill 

 rakers 19 + 32, lanceolate, inner edges finely spinescent, length ll^ 

 in eye ; gill filaments % of gill rakers. 



Scales 70 to 73 in lateral line to caudal base and 3 to 5 more on 

 latter; 8 to 10 scales above lateral line, 17 to 18 below, 22 or 23 pre- 

 dorsal, 8 or 9 rows on cheek. Suprascapula entire, striate. Scales 

 with 10 or 11 basal radiating striae ; about 108 weak apical denticles, 

 very small, with 14 or 15 transverse series of basal elements ; circuli 

 very fine. 



D. X, 11, 1, spines flexible, fourth 2% in total head length, first ray 

 4, last ray 2 ; A. Ill, 8, i, spines flexible, third spine 3% to 41/0, first 

 first ray 3% to 4:%, last ray 2; caudal 1, deeply forked, with long 

 slender, pointed lobes; least depth of caudal peduncle 4% to 41/5; 

 pectoral IjV to ll^ ; ventral li/o to 1%. 



Back light brown, becomes pale to whitish below. Body with 

 silvery and lilac reflections. Iris light yellowish white. Fins all 

 uniform pale brown. 



Red Sea, Arabia, Reunion, Ceylon, New Guinea, Hawaii. Known 

 chiefly by its increased gill rakers. In my figure of the type of 

 Aphareus thom.psoni the infraorbital is shown as much too broad. 

 Likewise the figure does not show the lower lobe of the pectoral or 

 the last dorsal and anal rays prolonged. The figure in question also 

 has the first dorsal spine too long. In material before me the 

 penultimate dorsal ray is only i/^ length of last ray, 

 5189, Jolo market. March 7, 1908. Length 310 mm. 



Family POMADASYIDAE 



Body oblong, somewhat elevated. Head large. Mouth variably 

 large or small, low, terminal, horizontal. Premaxillaries protractile. 

 Maxillary without supplemental bone, slips below preorbital most 

 its length. Teeth pointed, none as distinct canines, palate and tongue 

 edentulous. Preorbital usually deep. Preopercle serrate. Opercle 

 spineless. Gill rakers moderate. Gills 4, large slit behind fourth. 

 Pseudobranchiae large. Gill membranes separate, free from isthmus. 

 Branchiostegals 6 or 7. Vertebrae 24, of which 14 caudal. Intest- 

 inal canal short. Stomach coecal. Pyloric coeca few. Air bladder 

 present. Scales moderate, adherent, usually ctenoid, sometimes 

 nearly cycloid. Sides of head usually scaly. Lateral line well 

 developed, concurrent with back, often not extending on caudal. 

 Dorsal single, continuous, or deeply notched, sometimes divided as 

 two fins; spines 9 to 14, usually strong and depressible in a groove. 



