200 BULLETII!T 10 0, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



heteracanthous. Anal like dorsal, with 3 spines. Caudal usually 

 more ore less concave behind. Ventral thoracic, with spine and 5 

 rays and basal scale like appendage. 



A large group of carnivorous shore fishes, found in most warm 

 seas and many valued as food. They are intermediate between the 

 Lutjanidae and the Sparidae, some also approach the Serranidae 

 while others suggest the Sciaenidae. 



ANALYSIS OF GBNEBA 



a \ Caesioninae. Body oblong, oval or partly elongate ; palate without or with 

 only rudimentary teeth, maxillary moderately or slightly protractile, scale- 

 less ; preopercle not serrated ; dorsal not divided, spines slender. 

 b.^ Snout not ending in conic fleshy papilla or point, 

 c* Scales in horizontal rows below lateral line, in parallel or oblique rows 

 above lateral line. 

 d.^ Soft dorsal twice length of spinous fin. 



e\ Dorsal rays 15 or 16, fins scaleless Gymnoeaesio. 



e^ Dorsal rays 21, fin scaled Pterocaesio. 



d.^ Soft dorsal and anal subequal, fins scaly Caesio. 



(f. Scales in oblique rows crossing lateral line ; no scales on front of head ; 



maxillary little protractile Pinjalo. 



6^ Snout ends in conic fleshy tip Mirolabrichthys. 



a'. Body usually oblong; palate toothless; preopercle serrated; dorsal spines 

 usually robust. 



f. Chin without central groove. 

 g^. Plectobhinchinae. Infraorbital without spine; obtuse head 

 well scaled, also soft vertical fins, at least basally ; scales 

 small, 50 to 125 in lateral line ; dorsal rays 15 to 23. 

 h^. Chin without barbels ; dorsal without antrorse spine in front ; 

 caudal emarginate or forked. 



t*. Gill rakers 16 or 17+24 or 25, lanceolate Parapristipoma. 



i\ Gill rakers 7 or 8+11 to 15 Plectorhinchns. 



h'. Chin with tuft of small barbels; dorsal preceded by antrorse 

 spine ; snout end with papillae ; caudal rounded. 



Hapalogenys. 



g*. ScoLOPSiN&E. Infraorbital usually with large spine directed back ; 



dorsal and anal scaleless; scales large, 35 to 50; dorsal rays 



9 to 11 Scolopsis. 



f. PoMADASYiNAE. Chin wlth central groove behind symphysis of 

 lower jaw ; soft dorsal and anal with low basal scaly sheath, 

 otherwise scaleless ; anal spines strong, especially second ; dorsal 

 rays 12 to 18 Pomadasys. 



Genus GYMNOCAESIO Bleeker 



Gymnoeaesio Bleekek, Versl. Meded. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam, ser. 2, vol. 9, 

 1876, p. 152. Type Caesio gymnopterus Bleekeb, orthotypic. 



Body elongate, slender. Head pointed. Eye advanced, mode- 

 rate. Jaws small, horizontal, protractile. Teeth in jaws minute, 

 none on palate. Branchiostegals 6. Scales small, 80 in lateral 



