FISHES OF THE PHILn>PINE ISLANDS AND ADJACENT SEAS 327 



Lower opercular spine smaller, readies little beyond opercle lobe; uo dark 

 blotch on spinous dorsal : no oblique dark bands on caudal, 

 d'. Mesopristes. Suprascapula exposed, not hidden by scales. 

 e}. Dorsal spines normally 13. 



f. Head smaller, less than % of length to hypural ; nearly uniform, 

 no horizontal dark bands. 

 ^. Scales smaller, 58 to 68 along below lateral line, 63 to 67 along 



above ^\\\\. 



g". Scales larger, 48 to 56 along below lateral line, 51 to 61 along 

 above. 



7i\ Head 3 to S^/^ ; base of each scale on back with dark spot 



parviceps. 

 ft*. Head 2% to 2% ; obscure dark spots size of pupil all over 



body kneri. 



/". Head larger, % or over in length to hypural; 7 dark parallel hori- 

 zontal bands, also some dark spots or short dark bars at caudal 



base mlcracanthus. 



e*. Dorsal spines usually 12. 



i*. Scales smaller, 75 to 90 in lateral line. 



/\ Nostrils close together; nearly uniform bidyana. 



y*. Nostrils widely separated; dark shoulder mark and dark 



cross bars on body, also fins spotted humeralis. 



/.'. Scales larger, less than 60 in lateral line. 



fc\ Dorsal and anal spines very strong, longest of dorsal 



longer than rays and second anal spine much longer 



than third. 



V. Nostrils close together; maxillary largely covered by 



lip. 



m\ Seven black blotches on back and 2 rows of broken 



dark blotches cancellatus. 



w*. Similar, only markings all pale or dull gray 



rosenbergii. 

 V. Nostrils well separated, maxillary angle not covered 

 by lip. 

 n\ Caudal emargiuate. 



o\ Preorbital serrate; dorsal rays 10. 

 p\ Eye V^/s, to 1% in snout; upper profile con- 

 cave with age argenteus. 



p'. Eye subequal with snout; upper profile 



slightly convex lambertoni. 



0*. Preorbital not serrate; dorsal rays 13 



alligatoris. 

 n^ Caudal truncate; eye 1^ in snout; preorbital 



serrate ; dorsal rays 10 elongatus. 



fc*. Dorsal and anal spines weaker, longest of dorsal not 

 longer than rays and second iuial spine not or but 

 little longer than third. 



g\ Caudal slightly rounded; anal rays 11 



carbo. 

 (f. Caudal emarginate ; anal rays 8 to 10. 

 r*. Scales 46 to 50 along below lateral line__ 



fuliginosus. 

 r*. Scales 51 or 52 along below lateral line.- 



bancrofti. 



