PLEISTOCENE VERTEBRATES FROM CU^^IBERLAND CAVE 



23 



America. In ]jroportioiis of the skull and lower jaw tlie fossil form is 

 distinctly more woiflike than C. rujus { = C.friistror), which also shows 

 points of resemblance to the coyotes. 



,-::^>. 



FiGUBK 10.— Canis armbrusteri Gidley: Right ramus of mandible (U.S.N.M. uo. 8172), lateral and occlusal 

 views. One-half natural size. Cumberland Cave Pleistocene, Maryland. 



CANIS cf. PRISCOLATRANS Cope 



A skull fragment with part of P^ and P* of the right side and the 

 root portions of AP and M^ on the left shov/s the presence in the 

 fauna of a coyote near Canis latrans. The anterior portion and right 

 side of the muzzle are incomplete, but the cranium and left zygoma 

 are well preserved. The skull is very close in size to that of C. latrans 

 but is slightly more robust, particularly in the region of the frontals. 

 The small, ver\' slender, sharp-cusped character of P^ and the frag- 

 ment of P^ further substantiates reference of the form to the coyote 

 group. Direct comparison with C. priscolairans from the Port Ken- 

 nedy deposit in Pennsylvania or with C. riviveronis Hay from Florida 

 is not satisfactory, because of the difi'erent nature of the materials. 

 The reference of the Cumberland Cave form to C. priscolairans is 

 based on the somewhat more robust character of the Maryland 

 form as compared with living coyotes. 



Measurements of the skull fragment (U.S.N.M. no. 7660) are as 

 follows: Distance from line between j.iostorbital processes of frontals 

 to inion, 88 mm; least width between anterior margins of orbits, 

 33.2; width across post orbital processes of frontals, 51 mm; greatest 

 width across zygomatic arches, 110 mm (last three measurements 

 approximate). 



Family URSIDAE 



EUARCTOS VITABIUS (Gidley) 



Figures 11-14; Plate 8 



The Cumberland Cave collection includes an unusually large 

 amount of well-preser\ ed bear material. There are skull portions of 

 at least 25 individuals. Four of the skulls are nearly complete 

 (figs. 12-14), and nine more are represented by rostral portions 



