PLEISTOCENE VERTEBRATES FROM CUMBERLAND CAVE 



8& 



Table 25. — Measurements (in millimeters) of superior and inferior dentition of 

 Euceratherium(?) americanum 



Measurement 



Superior dentition 



Length of upper tooth series, P' to M3 inclusive 



Length of upper molar series, M' to M^ inclusive — 



P3, greatest anteroposterior diameter 



ps, greatest transverse diameter at occlusal surface '. 



P<, greatest anteroposterior diameter 



T*, greatest transverse diameter at occlusal surface... 



M', greatest anteroposterior diameter... 



M', greatest transverse diameter at occlusal surface.. 



M*, greatest anteroposterior diameter 



M', greatest transverse diameter at occlusal surface. 



M', greatest anteroposterior diameter. 



M', greatest transverse diameter at occlusal surface. 



Inferior dentition 



Length of lower tooth series, Pj to P< inclusive 



Length of lower premolar series, Pj to P4 inclusive... 



Length of lower molar series, Mi to M3 inclusive 



Ps, greatest anteroposterior diameter 



Pj, greatest transverse diameter at occlusal surface... 



P3, greatest anteroposterior diameter 



P3, greatest transverse diameter at occlusal surface.. 



P4, greatest anteroposterior diameter 



P4, greatest transverse diameter at occlusal surface.. 



Ml, greatest anteroposterior diameter. 



Ml, greatest transverse diameter at occlusal surface. 



Mj, greatest anteroposterior diameter 



Mj, greatest transverse diameter at occlusal surface. 



M3, greatest anteroposterior diameter. 



Ml, greatest transverse diameter at occlusal surface. 



U.S.N.M. 

 no. 7622 

 (type) 



141.6 



101 

 19 



15.8 

 22.1 

 18 



30.9 

 23.7 

 34.6 

 22.2 

 37.7 

 20 



U.S.N.M. 

 no. 7993 



157 



'59 



100 



>15 



« 10. e 

 19.2^ 

 13 

 25 

 13.5 

 26 

 17.8 

 33.8 

 16.1 

 41. r 

 13.8 



> Width of occlusal surface of teeth increases with wear. 

 ' Approximate. 



The dentition exhibited by specimens of Euceratherium collinum 

 Sinclair <and Furlong (1904) and Preptoceras sinclairi Furlong (1905) ^^ 

 though of a bovid type is of a kind clearly distinguished from that 

 seen m the Bovinae, or even in Ovibos although to a less extent. The 

 hypsodonty reached in the specimens from the Pleistocene of Cali- 

 fornia is suggestive of an antilopine dentition, but the skull and horn 

 structures they possess show them to belong to a distinct group. The 

 development of the premolars in this western group has gone beyond 

 that in the eland. It is further noted that those dental characters 

 that appear most significant in distinguishing the Cumberland Cave 

 fossil from the African eland ally it to the Euceratherium-Preptoceras 

 group. Also, the marked increase in width and the shortening 

 anteroposteriorly of the upper molars in advanced wear noted by 

 Gidley (1913a, p. 1) for the Cumberland Cave type was observed by 

 Sinclair and Furlong (1904, p. 416) in Euceratherium collinum. The 



« See also Stock and Furlong (1927). 



