46 A HAND-LIST OF BRITISH BIRDS. 



Distribution. — Abroad. — Breeds in central Europe, south to 

 Pyrenees and Alps. In Italy south of Alps only from autumn 

 to spring. Represented in north and north-east Europe, and 

 apparently in Sjiain and Portugal, by closely-allied forms. 



PARUS PALUSTRIS 



97. Parus palustris dresseri Stejn.— THE BRITISH MARSH- 

 TITMOUSE. 



Parus palustris dresseri Stejneger, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mas., ix, p. 200 

 (18SG— England). 



Parus palustris Linnaeus, Yarrell, i, p. 495 ; Saunders, p. 107 ; P. p. 

 dresseri Stejn., Hartert, Brit. B., i, p. 214. 



Distribution. — Confined to Great Britain. England and Wales. — 

 Resident. Rather local and especially so in west Cornwall, Cumber- 

 land and Westmorland. In northern parts of north Wales probably 

 only accidental, and in Anglesey unknown. It may be replaced 

 entirely by the \Mllow-Tit in some parts, and especially in the 

 north. Scotland. — Appears to be entirely replaced b}^ the Willow- 

 Tit. Ireland. — Said to have occurred many j^ears ago in counties 

 Antrim, Kildare, Dublin, and Louth, but no specimens exist. Has 

 been introduced Tipperarj- {Brit. B., v, p. 229). 



PARUS ATRICAPILLUS 



98. Parus atricapillus kleinschmidti Hellm.— THE BRITISH 

 WILLOW-TITMOUSE. 



Parus montaxus kleinschmidti Hellmayr, Orn. Jahrb., 1900, p. 212 

 (England. Coalfall Wood, near Finchley). 



Parus atricapillus kleinschmidti Hellm., Rothschild, Brit. B., i, p. 44 ; 

 Hartert, /.c, p. 214. 



Dlstribution. — Apparently confined to Great Britain. Distribution 

 as yet little known, and in England and Wales we can only give 

 count4es \\here it has been identified, and in which it is present 

 in small numbers with Parus palustris dresseri, viz.: Devon, Wilts., 

 Hants., Sussex, Kent, Surrey, Berks., Oxon., Bucks., Herts., 

 Middlesex, Cambs., Suffolk, Xorthants., Lines., Yorks., Lanes., 

 Derby, Salop, Staffs., Worcester. Hereford, Brecon, Merioneth, 

 Carnarvon {cf.Brit. B., i, pp. 47, 215, 359, iv, pp. 147, 248, 284, 337). 

 Scotland. — It would seem entirely to replace P. p. dresseri, but 

 specimens have onlv been critically examined from Forth and Moray 

 areas, Dumfries, Kirkcudbright Renfrew, and Lanark, {cf. Brit. B., 

 IV, ])p. 159, 284 : v, pp. 133. 256). Very local, but fairly well dis- 

 tributed south of a line from Firth of Forth to Firth of Clyde, reach- 

 ing to Loch Lomond and into Stirling and Perth in small numbers 

 and very locally to a little north of Perth (town), with isolated 



