80 A HAND-LIST OF BRITISH BIRDS. 



CENANTHE CENANTHE* 



i66. CEnanthe oenanthe oenanthe (L.)— THE WHEATEAR. 



MoTACiLLA OEnanthe Liniispus, Syst. Xat., ed. x, i, p. 186 (1758 — 



Europe. Restricted typical locality : Sweden). 



Saxicola oenanthe (Linnaeus), Yarrell, i, p. 347 ; Saunders, p. 19 (part). 



Distribution. — British Isles. — Summer-resident (March to Oct.) ; 

 said to winter occasionally. Widely distributed, though local. Also 

 passage-migrant, arrivals on south coast England in Ma}^ and move- 

 ments in various parts in late Oct. and Nov. being no doubt of such 

 birds. 



Distribution. — Abroad. — Whole of Europe to north (and possibly 

 south) Spain, east to north and central Asia ; wintering in tropical 

 Africa. (See Hartert's Vog. pal. Fauna, i, pp. 680-81, on geographical 

 and other variations.) 



167. CEnanthe oenanthe leucorrhoa (Gm.) — THE GREEN- 

 LAND WHEATEAR. 



MoTACiLLA LEUCORHOA Gmelin, Syst. Xat., i, ii, p. 966 (1789 — Senegal). 



Saxicola mianthe (L.), Saunders, p. 19 (part). 



Saxicola oenanthe leucorrhoa (Gmelin), C. B. Ticehurst, Brit. B., 11, p. 271. 



Distribution. — British Isles. — Passage-migrant (April-May and 

 Sept.-Oct.) through Great Britain and Ireland. 

 Distribution. — Abroad. — Greenland and north-east America west 

 of Davis Strait to Labrador, and apparently Iceland, though a 

 series from there should be re-examined, as they appear to be, 

 at least partly, intermediate. Migrates through north-west Africa, 

 Canaries, and Azores to Senegambia, in America to New York, New 

 Brunswick, Ontario, Colorado, and Louisiana. 



CENANTHE DESERTI 



168. CEnanthe deserti deserti (Temm.)— THE WESTERN 

 DESERT- WHEATEAR. 



Saxicola deserti Temminck, PI. Col. 359, fig. 2 (1825— Egypt). 



? Saxicola deserti (Temminck), Yarrell, iii, p. viii ; S. deserti Riippell, 



Saunders, p. 25 (? part). 



* The Wheatears have, for a long time, been called Saxicola without due 

 consideration of facts, and it has even been stated that Motacilla oetianthe 

 is the genotype " by subsequent designation " of Gray, 1841. This designa- 

 tion, however, was anticipated by Swainson, who, in 1827, designated Motacilla 

 ruhicola as the genotype. Thus the name Saxicola must be used for the 

 Chats, which is lucky in so far as the usual name Pratincola is not available, 

 because of its use for the Pratincoles in 1798, eighteen years before. By the 

 method of elimination Saxicola also becomes the generic title for the Chats, 

 and not for the Wheatears. The next oldest name for the latter is CEnanthe 

 Vieillot, 1816, type by tautonymy Motacilla oenanthe L. — E.H. 



