148 A HAND-LIST OF BRITISH BIRDS. 



Shannon Estuary (Kerry), Jan., 1881. Single birds also said to 

 have been taken Dingle Bay and Tralee Harbour (Kerry), Knockdrin 

 (Meath), near Sligo and Norfolk (winter, 1837-38). 



Distribution. — Abroad. — North America. Breeds from central 

 British Columbia, Great Slave Lake, central Keewatin, central 

 Ungava, and Newfoundland, south to Oregon, New Mexico, Louisiana 

 and Florida ; winters from southern British Columbia south to 

 LoAver California, Mexico, the Gulf States and Cuba. Single 

 records from Alaska, Bermudas. 



PHALACROCORAX CARBO 



316. Phalacrocorax carbo carbo (L.)— THE CORMORANT 



Pelecanus carbo Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. x, i, p. 133 (1758 — Europe. 



Restricted typical locality : Sweden). 



Phalacrocorax carbo (Linnseus), Yarrell, iv, p. 143 ; Samiders, p. 361. 



Distribution. — British Isles. — Resident. Generally distributed, 

 outnumbering Shag east coast Great Britain from Flamborough 

 northwards, most of Welsh coast, and Irish coasts except north 

 and west. Commonly visits many inland w^aters, and breeds in 

 a few places on inland cliffs and in parts of Connaught in trees. 

 Some appear to move southwards in autumn. 



Distribution. — Abroad. — Northern Hemisphere generally, but 

 replaced by various subspecies in Africa, India, Australia, New 

 Zealand, though the status of eastern forms is as yet uncertain. 



PHALACROCORAX GRACULUS 



317. Phalacrocorax graculus graculus (L.) — THE SHAG. 



Pelecanus Graculus Linnaeus, Syst, Xat., ed. xii, i, p. 217 (1766 — 



Europe. Restricted typical locality : Sweden). 



Phalacrocorax graculus (Linnaeus), Yarrell, iv, p. 151 ; Saunders, p. 363. 



Distribution. — British Isles. — Resident. Does not breed on south 

 coast England eastwards of Isle of Wight, nor east coast England 

 (except Fame Isles), and only sparingly east coast Scotland. Else- 

 where generally distributed. Outnumbers Cormorant west coast 

 Ireland. Rare visitor inland. 



Distribution. — Abroad. — Coasts of west Europe from Norway 

 to Portugal, Faeroes and Iceland. Replaced in Mediterranean by 

 P. graculus desmaresti. 



SULA BASSANA 



318. Sula bassana (L.)— THE GANNET. 



Pelecanus Bassanus Linngeus, Syst. Xat., ed. x, i, p. 133 (175S — 



Scotland, America). 



Sula bassana (Linnaeus), Yarrell, tv, p. l.jo ; Saunders, p. 365. 



