194 A HAND-LIST OF BRITISH BIRDS. 



STERNA DOUGALLII 



418. Sterna dougallii dougallii Mont.— THE ROSEATE TERN. 



Sterna dougalli Montagu, Yarrell, iit, p. 544 ; Saunders, p. 645. 



Sterna Dougallii ]\Iontagu, Om. Diet. Suppl., text and plate (1813 — 

 Firth of Clyde, Scotland). 



Distribution. — British Isles. — Summer-resident and vagrant. 

 Breeds regularly, Fame Isles (Northumberland), one or two pairs, 

 Skerries (N. Wales), small colony, another locality (N. Wales), 

 large colony. Elsewhere vagrant, very rare Scotland and Ireland. 

 Formerly bred Foulney and Walney (Lanes.), Scilly, Clyde and 

 possibly Moray areas, Dublin and Doami, and probably also in north- 

 west Ireland. 



Distribution. — Abroad. — Coasts of Atlantic and (sparingly) North 

 Sea, from about 57° north lat. in summer to Mediterranean, Azores, 

 and Madeira ; in north-west and east Africa ; North America from 

 Sable Island to Long Island and from Bahamas to Lesser Antilles and 

 north coast of Venezuela, wintering from Bahamas to Brazil. The 

 geographical forms have not yet been finally worked out, but our 

 race is replaced by allied forms at least on the islands of the Bay of 

 Bengal, and probably all coasts of Indian Ocean, as well as in 

 Australia. 



STERNA HIRUNDO* 



419. Sterna hirundo L.— THE COMMON TERN. 



Sterna Hirundo Linnseus, Syst. Xat., ed. x, i, p. 137 (1758 — " Europa." 

 .Restricted typical locality : Lakes and swamps of Sweden. Ex Fauna 

 Svecica, Xo. 127). 

 Sterna fliwiatilis Naumann, Yarrell, iii, p. 549 ; Savmders, p. G47. 



Distribution. — British Isles. — Summer-resident (April to Sept. 

 and Oct.). Breeds many places all coasts but rarely in 0. Hebrides. 

 North of Loch Broom on west side Scotland and in Ireland 

 outnumbered by S. paradiscea, but on east side relatively common 

 further northward and abundant Pentland Skerries, but sparse 

 Orkneys, and only discovered breeding Shetlands 1901. Migrants 

 occasional 0. Hebrides and Fair Isle. Breeds some inland lakes 

 and rivers Scotland and Ireland. 



Distribution. — Abroad. — Coasts, rivers, and lakes of Europe, 

 Canaries, Azores, Tunisia, temperate Asia and temperate North 

 America. In winter (chiefly) in India, Ceylon, and Africa, as well 

 as parts of South America. Local races may exist, but the question 

 is not settled. 



* There is no reason for rejecting the well-known name Sterna hirundo, 

 the description and breeding-place distinctly showing that this Tern was 

 meant by Linnaeus. — E.H. 



