48 BULLETIN 214, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



Scarus oedema (Snyder) 



Plates 1,d; 8,d 



Callyodon oedema Snyder, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 36, p. 603, 1909; Proc. U. S. 

 Nat. Mus., vol. 42, p. 509, pi. 67, fig. 1, 1912 (type locality: Nafa, Okinawa; 

 holotype USNM 62951) 



This species is characterized by having only 3 median predorsal 

 scales, 2 rows of scales on the cheek with about 5 to 7 scales in each 

 row; ii,13 pectoral rays; whitish teeth; and a plain chocolate brown or 

 blackish brown coloration. When alive, the coloration is plain bluish 

 black or plain purplish black and the median fins are margined with 

 bright blue, which may preserve as a dusky edge or a whitish edge. 

 On large adults there is an enlargement of the forehead into a ball- 

 like swelling; however, two specimens, USNM 147251 and 147300, 

 175 and 235 mm. in standard length, have not yet developed an 

 oedemate swelhng on the forehead. 



In addition to the holotype I have studied specimens in lots from 

 the following localities: Celebes, 2 lots; Philippines, 3; and Dutch 

 East Indies, 2. 



Subgenus Scarus Forskal 

 Scarus microrhinos Bleeker 



Figure 4; Plate 9,a 



Scarus microrhinos Bleeker, Nat. Tijdschr. Nederl.-Indie, vol. 6, p. 200, 1854 



(type locality: Batavia, Java; type examined in British Museum, Cat. No. 



1862.2.28.54, standard length 300 mm.) 

 Scarus strongylocephalus Bleeker, Nat. Tijdschr. Nederl.-Indie, vol. 7, p. 439, 



1854; Atlas ichthyologique . . ., vol. 1, p. 23, pi. 4, fig. 3, 1862 (type locality: 



Batavia, Java; type examined in British Museum, Cat. No. 1864.5.15.42, 



standard length 345 mm.) 

 Pseudoscarus microcheilos Bleeker, Versl. Akad. Amsterdam, vol. 12, p. 231, 1861; 



Atlas ichthyologique . . . , vol. 1, p. 24, pi. 4, fig. 2, 1862 (Batavia, Java; 



type examined in British Museum, Cat. No. 1864.5.15.44, standard length 



205 mm.). 

 Pseudoscarus microrhinos Bleeker, Atlas ichthyologique . . . , vol. 1, p. 22, pi. 3, 



1862 (Java and Celebes). 

 Callyodon ultramarinus Jordan and Seale, Occ. Pap. Bishop Mus., vol. 4, p. 63, 



fig. 16, October 1906 (type locality: Mangareva); Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., vol. 



25 (1905), p. 332, fig. 64, Dec. 15, 1906 (type locality: Apia and Pago Pago; 



Mangareva; holotype, USNM 51757; 2 paratypes, USNM 51835, 51838). 

 Chlorurus microrhimis, J. L. B. Smith, Rhodes Univ. Ichthy. Bull. No. 1, p. 16, 



1956. 

 Chlorurus strongylocephalus, J. L. B. Smith, Rhodes Univ. Ichthy. Bull. No. 1, 



p. 16, pi. 42C, F, 1956 (western Indian Ocean south on East African coast 



to lat. 15° S.) 

 Chlorurus microcheilus, J. L. B. Smith, Rhodes Univ. Ichthy. Bull. No. 1, p. 16 



pi. 44G, 1956 (western Indian Ocean and East African coast south to lat 



14° S.). 



