REVIEW OF THE PARROTFISHES 51 



Callyodon apridentatus J. L. B. Smith, Rhodes Univ. Ichthy. Bull. No. 1, p. 14, 

 pi. 44, F, 1956 (type locality; Malindi, Kenya; type lost; fig. 44, f shows only 4 

 median predorsal scales, not 6 as stated by Smith) . 



Hipposcarus harid, J. L. B. Smith, Rhodes Univ. Ichthy. Bull. No. 1, p. 17, 

 pi. 44,A,B, 1956 (Western Indian Ocean southward along East African coast to 



lat. 21°30' S.). 



This species is characterized by having 4 median predorsal scales, 3 

 rows of scales on the cheek, with 3 to 5 scales in the ventral row; 

 usually ii,13 pectoral rays; white teeth covered by the lips; a broad 

 preorbital distance, 2)^ to 3)^ times in head; and a broad naked space 

 below the eye. Another characteristic is the concave space just in 

 front of the eyes, which gives the snout a more or less narrow, or 

 pointed, profile when viewed from a dorsal aspect. 



The teeth are grayish white in color and are almost fully covered 

 by the lips, only the edges being exposed; the angle between the lips 

 does not exceed 10 degrees; the inner lip joins the outer a little closer 

 to the rictus than to the tip of the snout; canine teeth are absent 

 or rarely present on upper jaw; the preorbital distance is notably 

 elongate and is contained about 2)^ to 3K times in the length of head; 

 the least depth of the caudal peduncle is about equal to the least 

 preorbital width (in most other species of parrotfishes with 4 median 

 predorsal scales the least preorbital width is notably less than the 

 least depth of caudal peduncle) ; the caudal fin is a little rounded in 

 young, becoming truncate at about 100 mm. and a little concave at 

 200, with the outer rays somewhat elongated at larger sizes. 



Specimen in alcohol 18 to 49 mm. long (perhaps longer) have a 

 black spot at the base of the caudal fin, whereas in one 60 mm., long, 

 from the Philippine Islands, this black spot has nearly disappeared. 

 Our 4 specimens, 81 to 95 mm., from the Red Sea, have the outer rays 

 of caudal fins blackish, edged with white. 



The background coloration of adults is light brownish to grayish 

 white, centers of lower scales are whitish, and distal edges of dorsal 

 and anal fins narrowly margined with dusky. 



A Philippine Albatross color drawing of a live specimen (USNM 

 112218), shows the following coloration: Head purplish gray, edge of 

 upper lip orange; streaks about eye pink to orange; scales on head 

 and body margined with purplish pink, centers greenish dorsally, 

 changing to light yellowish orange on sides; underside of head with 

 yellowish orange; distal edge of dorsal and anal fins blue, as are the 

 outer rays of caudal fin ; central part of caudal fin reddish brown, as is 

 dorsal part of pectoral fin; membranes of dorsal and anal fins between 

 the rays with blue spots. In a specimen from Saipan the caudal 

 peduncle is bright yellow. 



I have studied many specimens in lots from the following localities: 

 Philippines and vicinity, 27 lots; Marshalls, 5; Guam, 2; New Guinea, 



