94 BULLETIN 214, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



This species is characterized by its greenish teeth (oHve in alcohol) ; 

 and its generally dark brown coloration, the pale or whitish margins 

 of dorsal and anal fins constrasting sharply (in alcohol) with the 

 dark brown basal % of those fins, the inner edge of this whitish band 

 margined with a dark line; edges of both lips pale, the upper one 

 broadly so, the lower a narrow line; a dark bar (greenish in life) may 

 run from the corner of mouth to eye thence posteriorly; usually a 

 pale spot on lateral line scale at upper edge of gill opening; and pale 

 streaks (pink in life) extending forward and backward from eye. 

 Some specimens are blackish or brownish all over except the pale 

 edges on median fins. 



I have a specimen, 69 mm. in standard length, from Ifaluk Atoll, 

 collected by Dr. R. R. Harry, that probably represents the color 

 pattern of the young of this species. The distal % of caudal fin is 

 white, basal % brown and somewhat finely speckled with tiny darker 

 brown specks ; a black blotch basally at outer edges of caudal fin rays ; 

 and tips of dorsal and anal fin rays whitish. 



A specimen, 72 mm. in standard length, collected by Dr. John 

 Randall, has the same color as the 69-mm. specimen, except that 

 both lips are broadly whitish. Dr. Randall states that the living 

 colors were: "Brown with bright blue spots on body (spots fading 

 soon after death). Anterior part of head red; ventral part of body 

 reddish brown; green band on upper lip, chin, and from rictus to eye; 

 pectoral yellow; distal part of caudal fin hyaline." 



Two specimens, 117 and 158 mm. from near Java, have the front 

 part of the head barred as follows: Upper lip broadly pale, thence a 

 dark crossbar above which is a pale bar; lower lip narrowly pale 

 edged, thence two dark bars separated by a pale area; under side of 

 head with elongate dark bar. 



I have studied very many specimens in lots from the following 

 localities: Japan, 1 lot; China Coast, 1; Okinawa, 1; Philippines, 64; 

 Dutch East Indies, 1; Ifaluk Atoll, 2; Kapingamarangi Atoll, 2; 

 New Guinea, 3; and Borneo, 1. 



Scarus madagascariensis (Steindachner) 



Plate 18,d 



Pseudoscarus madagascariensis Steindachner, Sitzb. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. 96, 



pt. 1, p. 61, pi. 2, fig. 1, 1887 (type locality: Madagascar). 

 Colly odon viadagascariensis J. L. B. Smith, Rhodes Univ. Ichthy. Bull. No. 1, 



p. 11, pi. 44, J, 1956 (East Africa north of lat. 14° S., Aldabra, Seychelles). 



This species is close to S. niger Forskal, and is characterized by 

 having 7 median predorsal scales, 3 rows of scales on the cheek, with 

 3 to 5 scales in the ventral (third) row; ii,12 pectoral fin rays; green 

 teeth; a coloration of dark brown with numerous horizontal violet 



