REVISION OF MOTHS OF CARPOSINIDAE 45 



truncate to slightly emarginate; a pair of rodlike structures laterad to 

 lamella, each with a slightly enlarged, bilobed i)osterior end. Ductus 

 bursae partly membranous, with a dark thickening near upper fourth; 

 walls papillose throughout most of length, continuing over apical half 

 of corpus; corpus bursae ovoid, lower half entirely membranous. 

 Origin of ductus seminalis above middle of ductus bursae. 



Type.— Lecto type, d", designated by Klots (1942) ; in the American 

 Museum of Natural Histor}^ 



Type-locality. — San Francisco, California. 



Host. — Fagaceae: "galls on oak [Quercus sp.j" (from specimen 

 label). Rosaceae: "larvae bore in limbs of grafted French prune 

 [Prunus domestica L.]" (Essig, 1958); "larvae bore in trunks and fruit 

 of peach [Prunus per sica (L.) Batsch]" (Keifer, 1943); "reared from 

 peach crown gall; reared from black knot on western choke cherry 

 [Prunus demissa (Nutt.) Dietr.]; reared from black knot on cherry 

 [Prunus sp.]; reared from black knot on Prunus virginiana L.; reared 

 from domestic prune [Prunus domestica L.]" (from specimen labels). 



Distribution (map 6). — In the United States this species is known 

 to occur primarily west of the Rocky Mountains and throughout much 

 of Maine. In Canada it ranges across the southern provinces from 

 the Atlantic coast almost to the Pacific. 



Discussion. — Relatively little is known concerning the larval 

 biology of this species other than it has been reared on numerous 

 occasions from certain tumorous excrescenses often present on rosa- 

 ceous trees of the genus Prunus. Presumably the larva is a borer 

 in these tissues. Peach, prune, and cherry are mentioned most fre- 

 quently as hosts, although a series of moths from Colorado were 

 reportedly reared from oak galls. Most of the excrescenses occurring 

 on Prunus are symptoms of a disease commonly referred to as black 

 knot, which is caused by an ascomycetous fungus, Plowrightia morbosa 

 (Schw.) Sacc. In the past this disease has been of considerable economic 

 importance over certain areas of North America. Heald (1933) re- 

 ports that black knot has been an important factor limiting the com- 

 mercial production of plums and cherries, particularly east of the 

 AUeghanies and from North Carolina to southern Ontario and Maine. 

 Considering that the disease (and hosts) has been and perhaps still is 

 more prevalent in the eastern part of the continent than the West, it 

 seems rather unusual that present records indicate the moth to be 

 more widely distributed in the West and practically absent from the 

 eastern United States. Further information on the distribution and 

 biological requirements of this species should clarify this apparent 

 discrepancy. 



In addition to black knot and oak galls, other hosts are reported. 

 The moths have been reared in California from peach crown galls, a 



