110 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 2 65 



Nissan and Feni Islands (east of New Ireland), and the Bismarck Archipelago; 

 migrates through the Louisade Archipelago. 



C. lucidus plagosus (Latham): breeds in Tasmania and southern Australia; 

 winters in the Lesser Sunda Islands (Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores, and Wetar), New 

 Guinea, and perhaps in the Bismarck Archipelago. 



C lucidus layardi (Mathews) : resident in the Santa Cruz Islands, Banks 

 Island, the New Hebrides, the Loyalty Islands, and New Caledonia. 



C. lucidus harterli (Mayr): resident in Rennell and Bellona Islands. 



3. C. basalis (Horsfield) : breeds in southern Australia and Tasmania; winters 

 chiefly in the Sunda Islands from Java to Sumbawa; recorded also from the 

 Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo (once). North Natuna Islands (once), Kangean 

 Islands, Christmas Island (in the Indian Ocean), and Celebes (once) ; on migra- 

 tion noted on the Aru Islands and the Cape York Peninsula. 



4. C. ruficollis (Salvadori) : resident in the highlands of New Guinea, chiefly 

 at altitudes above 6000 feet, occasionally lower (4000 feet) . 



5. C. osculans (Gould) : breeds in Australia, chiefly in drier areas than basalis 

 and lucidus, but overlappmg them and extending much farther north across the 

 interior; relatively rare in the southern coastal areas; absent from Tasmania; the 

 extent to which it is migratory is not yet clearly known, but it has been recorded 

 from Cape York, the Aru and Kei Islands, and from Batjan. 



6. C. meyerii (Salvadori) : resident in the tropical forests, second growth, and 

 clearings, of New Guinea at altitudes up to 4000 feet, commonest at 2500 feet. 



7. C. maculatus (Gmelin): breeds from the central Himalayas west as far as 

 Kuman, through Assam, southeastern Tibet and Szechwan, to Hupeh, south to 

 Yunnan, Burma (in evergreen forest up to 8000 feet), and Annam. In winter or 

 on migration, in India, Hainan, Cochinchina, Malay Peninsula, and Sumatra. 



8. C. xanthorhynchus (Horsfield) : resident (possibly partially migratory locally) 

 from Assam, southwestern Yunnan, and Burma (where reported only in the 

 evergreen-forest areas), and southern Annam, south to eastern Bengal, the 

 Malay Peninsula, Siam, Cochinchina, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Sumatra, 

 Simalur, Sipora, the Lingga Archipelago, Java, Borneo (where sparingly distrib- 

 uted in the lowlands, and found in gardens in Sarawak, on the edges of man- 

 grove swamps, and on the seashore), the North Natuna Islands, and the Philippines 

 (Luzon, Mindoro, Samar, Cebu, Leyte, Basilan, and Palawan). The species has 

 been divided into three races, one of which may be doubtfully valid, as follows: 



C. xanthorhynchus xanthorhynchus (Horsfield) : range as above except for the 

 Philippine Islands, other than Palawan. 



C. xanthorhynchus amethystinus (Vigors) : Philippine Islands, except Palawan, 

 as given under the species range. 



C. xanthorhynchus bangueyensis (Chasen and Kloss) : only known from Banggi 

 Island off the north coast of Borneo (doubtfully distinct from the nominate race, 

 but its status requires additional material for clarification). 



9. C. flavigularis (Shelley) : resident in the forests from Sierra Leone to Togo 

 from southern Cameroon eastward across the Congo to the Uelle and to the 

 Semliki Valley, and to western Uganda (Bwamba) and southward to the vicinity 

 of Luebo in the Kasai ; mainly in the tall virgin forest, but ranging out into heavy 

 gallery forests in the Uelle and Kasai districts of the Congo. 



10. C. klaas (Stephens) : breeds throughout much of Africa south of the Sahara, 

 in both savanna and forested regions, from Senegal and Gambia, east to and across 

 northern Nigeria and the southern Sudan to northwestern Ethiopia and to south- 

 western Arabia (Asir), and south to Damaraland and the Cape Province; also to 

 the island of Fernando Poo in the Gulf of Guinea; migratory in the southern part 

 of its range (roughly south of the Zambesi River), where it is present only from 



