BATHYPELAGIC SQUID BATHYTEUTHIS 11 



wliile in the Challenger Report he said that the gladius was damaged 

 in dissection but that it was still possible to determine that had no 

 terminal conns as in Ommastrephes or Taonhis. In the earlier report 

 he had described the arm snckers as being arranged in two rows, but 

 in the later work the statement had been altered to "two or four rows." 



In stating that B. abyssicola and B. megalops might prove to be 

 the same species, Hoyle noted the following differences (p. 169) : B. 

 abyssicola lacks an angular sinus on the eyelid, has a large head, has 

 suckers more nearly in two very irregular rows ("if slightly more 

 [irregular they] might be regarded as four"). The type specimen is 

 well illustrated on his plate 29, figures 1-7. 



Hoyle stated his uncertainty to which family Bathyteuthis rightly 

 belongs and suggested that the establishment of a new family might be 

 necessary, 



Hoyle (1886b) again listed Bathyteuthis (with Benthoteuthis as a 

 synonym) and included both B. ahyssicola Hoyle and B. nwgalojys 

 (Verrill) in the genus as he had done in the Challenger Report. 



Hoyle reported upon the existence of cephalopods in the deep sea 

 at the meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Sci- 

 ence held in September 1885. He considered Cirroteuthis^ Mastigoteu- 

 this, and Bathyteuthis as true representatives of the deep sea because 

 they had not been captured prior to the days of deep-sea investiga- 

 tions, and Hoyle indicated that Bathyteuthis possessed structural pe- 

 culiarities that fitted it for abyssal existence, some of which it shared 

 with 3Iastigoteuthis. He did not enumerate these characters. 



Goodrich (1892) published one of the first keys for the identifica- 

 tion of oegopsid genera. He characterized Bathyteuthis by the features 

 that he considered most diagnostic (p. 318) : "siphon without bridles, 

 arms with four rows of smooth suckers, club of tentacle with many 

 rows of minute suckers, small [eye] sinus, pen feather- shaped, suckers 

 on the seven lobes of buccal membrane, fins subterminal, rounded." 



Pfeffer (1900) erected and characterized the new family Bathy- 

 teuthidae. The familial name first appeared in the key to the families 

 where it was separated out on the basis of its peculiar characters: free 

 funnel, simple locking apparatus, Lo?igo-]ike, gladius with free rhachis 

 and leaflike vane, and in particular, the size, number and arrangement 

 of suckers on the arms and clubs. 



After a short diagnosis of the family, Pfeffer stated that it could 

 not be said with certainty whether Bathyteuthis and Ctenopteryx, both 

 of which he included within the family, truly constitute a natural 

 group. 



He described the two genera in some detail and gave partial synon- 

 ymies; Bethoteuthl.s Verrill was listed as a synonym of Bathyteuthis 



321-534 O— 69 2 



