BATHYPELAGIC SQUID BATHYTEUTHIS 



157 



PHOSPHATE 



Figure 59. — Vertical section, central Atlantic; phosphate concentration, microgram 

 atoms/L. Capture points of Bathyteulhis abyss icola. 



35.00%o. The oxygen concentration at that depth is less than 1.0 ml/L. 

 Massy 's specimen from deep water was taken between 2°-3° C and 

 around 34.80%o. The oxygen concentration was around o.O ml/L. The 

 specimen from the Straits of Malacca probably comes from water of 

 about 6° C, above 34.70%o, and below 2.0 ml/L. The salinity in the 

 western Straits of Malacca is too low for the last specimen to be con- 

 sidered as coming from the Indian EqucOitorial Water Mass, but all 

 other specimens come from this water mass that is characterized by 

 relatively high salinities (o4.80-35.20%o), higher than those of the 

 Indian Central Water. The possible influence of waters of low oxygen 

 concentration has been discussed previously. 



According to observations made by the Oh^ Antarctic Intermedi- 

 ate Water may penetrate as far as the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal 

 at 10°-20°N (Kort, 1962), but Tressler's (1963, p. 14) salinity section 

 and the section prepared by Fell (Ph.D. dissertation, 1967) do not 

 bear this out; these w^orks indicate the Antarctic Intermediate Water 

 loses its identity in the region of 10°-15°S. 



When pelagic material becomes available from the Indian Ocean 

 Expedition, a clearer picture of the distribution of Bathytnifhis in 

 the Indian Ocean may emerge. Barring other factors it would not be 

 surprising to find Bathyteufhls in the Indian Ocean Central Water 

 Mass where the tem])erature is cool enough (below about 7° C) and the 

 salinity high enough (above 34.r)0%o) ; it also may be found in the Ant- 

 arctic Intennediate Water that has salinities around ;>4.70 to 34.75%o. 



Biological Factors Governing Distribution 



The physicochemical factors in waters inhabited by Bathyteutlm 

 have been discussed in detail. It is concluded that, although the species 

 of Batlnjfeuthis appear to occur in particular water masses and within 



