20 BULLETIN 74, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



sphfrridia are more globular tliiui in A. fencstratum: they cunitinue far up the 



abactinal side. 



The color is violet, more or less intense: in the two small specimens the color 

 has almost totally <lisai)peared. 



This species is evi(h>ntly most nearly related to A.fenestratum, from which it is, 

 however, easily distingiiisiied by means of the jiedicellariie" (especially the small tri- 

 dentate), and the arrangement of the tubercles of the actinal interambulacra. The 

 color of A. /"mfs^ra^um— though generally more brownish — may be as violet as that 

 of ^. lelli (alcoholic specimens of A.fenestratum, however, have mostly lost all color). 

 From A. violaceum the species is still more easily distinguished by the same 

 characters and also by the color, which is much more intense in this species. 

 Finally from C. hystnx it is at once distinguished by tiie color (C. hystrix is always 

 beautifully red, retaining the color in alcoholic specimens), the pedicellariiB, and 

 the structure of the test. 



On examining the entire series of " Asthejwsoma hystrix" from the Caribbean 

 Sea preserved in the U. S. National Museum, I have found the specimens to be 

 either Arscosoma fenestraium or A. belli, while the true Calveria hystrix was not 

 found among them. It is thus very probable that this latter species does not 

 occur at all on the American siile of the Atlantic. 



In my work on the Ingolf Echinoidea '' I made the species hystrix the type of 

 a separate genus, to which also the Asthenosoma gracile A. Agassiz was referred. 

 The name Calveria of Wyville Thomson was restored to this genus following 

 Wyville Thomson in his work on the Porcupine Echinoidea. In his Panamic 

 Deep Sea Echini (p. 84) Mr. Agassiz pointed out that the name Calveria hystrix was 

 oi'iginally given to a starfish (the one known as Korethraster hispidus Wyville 

 Thomson), a fact which I had overlooked. Dr. F. A. Bather in his paper The Echi- 

 noderm Name Calveria hystrix" gay^e the com])lete history of the name, which proves 

 that Calveria can not, on a strict application of the priority rule, be used for the 

 genus to which it was applied by me; that the species name hystrix likewise can not 

 be used for the echinoid in question, as maintained by Doctor Bather, I am not 

 inclined to admit. Accordingly, the genus Calveria as circumscribed by me ought 

 to have another name, if the genus can be maintained. Mr. Agassiz, in the work 

 quoted, does not recognize this as a valid genus and still maintains the two 

 genera Phormosoma and Asthenosoma in the wide sense, as they are used in the 

 Challenger Echinoidea.'' Considerably more weight must be ascribed to the fact 

 that Professor Doderlein, who otherwise agrees with me in the subdivision of 

 the two "genera" Phormosoma and Asthenosoma, thinks it doubtful whether the 

 genus " Calveria" can be maintained. "Auf das Fehlen einer bestimmten Pedicel- 

 larienform einen generischen Unterschied zwischen sonst sehr nahe verwandten Arten 



a For description and figures of pedicellari^ in .1, fenestratum, A. violaceum, and C. hystrix 

 reference must be made to the laijolj Echinoidea. 



i-Pt. l,pp. 51, G3. 



cAnn. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, vol. 17, 1906, p. 2!i). 



d In the latest work of A. Agassiz and H. L. Clark, Hawaiian and other Pacific Echini, the Echin- 

 othurida; (Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 34, 1909), published since the above was written, the limita- 

 tion of the old genera rkonnosoma and Asthenosoma given in my Ingolf Echinoidea, I, is adopted. 

 Also my genus .ilrjEOSoma is adopted while Calveria is not regarded as generically distinct from .4ra;o4-oma. 



