66 BULLETIN 136, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



as in other drums of this type, the two heads are fastened with 

 nails having large rounded heads. 



A small Japanese drum with cask-shaped shell is 261051 (pi. 28a), 

 the two rawhide heads nailed to the shell with nails having black 

 rounded heads. A double-headed Chinese drum (96568, pi. 28o?) is 

 similar in structure to the foregoing but different in proportions, 

 the diameter being greater than the height. A group of toy drums 

 from China are Nos. 54036, 54038, and 54039. A small cask-shaped 

 drum (96578) is from Trong, lower Siam. Each head has a braided 

 hoop of split rattan around it below the nails that fasten the head 

 to the shell. It has a brass staple in the middle of the shell, around 

 which are two copper washers, their edges toothed. 



No. 95202 (pi. 28c) is Korean, consisting of a shell of wood cov- 

 ered with cloth and paper, painted with two dragons. The designs 

 on the rawhide heads also represent dragons. Like other drums of 

 this sort, it was suspended by two ringed staples when in use. 



Two drums in this group have shells of turned wood, 3946 being 

 from Korea and 27318 from Siam. The latter is a common form of 

 Siamese drum, having two rawhide heads laced back and forth with 

 split rattan. This specimen is almost 27 inches long. 



Attention is directed to 94665 (pi. 286), which has two heads of 

 paper nailed to the shell with large-headed nails. The shell is of 

 black lacquered wood and the heads are painted with flowers in 

 colors and geometrical designs in black. It is described as " Taiko 

 antique temple drum 1650." 



The collection contains several double-headed drums with shell 

 hollowed from a log. 



A curious little drum from Baranquilla, State of Bolivar in 

 Colombia, probably has an interesting history (95542). The shell 

 is hollowed from an irregular log of wood. Holes are made through 

 the heads for the lacing, which is twisted cord. A double cord is 

 passed over one head, forming a snare. A Malay drum of this type 

 is 216282 (pi. 27</), collected by Dr. W. L. Abbott. The shell, hol- 

 lowed from a log of hard redwood, is a little larger at one end than 

 the other. The two heads are laced back and forth, the tension in- 

 creased by four bands of split rattan which draw the lacings together 

 in squares. 



An interesting Hopi drum (22478, pi. 27a) was received from Maj. 

 J. W. Powell in 1875. The shell is a section of a hollow irregular 

 log with the bark removed. Two heads of rawhide, probably goat, 

 are stretched over the ends of the shell without hoops and laced with 

 a thong of rawhide through holes made in the edges of the heads, 

 back and forth. The end of this thong is formed into a loop for 

 a handle. The drum is Sy { inches high and the diameter varies from 



