NEMA TO CERA. 69 



with hairs the same as in the $ . The oviduct elongated and white, 

 or light brown, the $ genitalia brown. The first longitudinal vein 

 very near costa. Second longitudinal vein joins the costa some way 

 from the tip of the wing. 



C. cardaminis, Wtz. 



The larvce of this Cecid feed on the flowers, etc., of Cardamine 

 pratense and ainara, and destroy all the parts they attack, usually 

 picking out those plants that grow on damp and spongy ground ; 

 the white amara often assuming the purple hue oi pratense through 

 the action of these insects. They change^to the pupa state in the earth. 



The i/nago is black; thorax with three dark bands on a light 

 ground colour ; scutellum sometimes pinkish ; abdomen tawny ; 

 16-17-jointed antennae ; in the S the petioles of the joints near the 

 base are short, those in the middle one-fourth shorter than the joints, 

 antenncE as long as body ; in ? they are much shorter, and the 

 abdomen is rose-coloured, with dark-brown or black hinder borders 

 to the segments. Wings darkly pubescent ; brown veins ; first longi- 

 tudinal vein very near costa ; second longitudinal vein bending 

 forwards at its junction with the transverse veinlet, and joins the 

 costal at some distance from the tip of the wing. In the ? the 

 second longitudinal is straight from the transverse^veinlet to the border. 



C. heraclei, Kltb. 



Concerning this species. Low and Bergenstamm* say the imago is 



unknown. The larvae are social and live on the leaves of Heracleimi 



Spondyliimi, and pupate in the ground. 



^ , J 7 • T \ C. strobilina, Bremi. 



C. /I etc room, Lw. = -, 



y C. sahgna, Hardy. 



The larvce of heterobia live in the c^ flowers and in rosettes on the 

 leaves of Salix amygdalma. The larvse mentioned by Perrist seem 

 to be referred to this species. Concerning the galls he says : '* Daris 

 ce feutre vivent de nombreuses larves de Cecidomyie." They 

 pupate where they live. They also live as " inquilines"/an the galls 

 of C. ro sarin. 



The imago is dusky brown to black ; abdomen tawny beneath ; 

 scutellum and end of thorax pinkish. Legs fuscous, paler on under 

 surface. Antennae of $ 17-19-jointed ; i6-jointed in ?. Oviduct 

 long, last two segments yellowish-brown. Costa of wing very thick and 

 dark ; transverse veinlet pale, meeting the first longitudinal about its 

 middle ; second longitudinal vein generally straight. Second branch 

 of third vein curved so as to form an obtuse angle. 



* Syn. Cec, p. 47. t An. Ent. Soc. Fr., 1870, p. 180. 



