THE CHIRONOMID.E. ^ 197 



Lan'a of CeratopOi:;on. — The larvK, which are terrestrial, dwell 

 beneath the bark of decaying trees amongst their own "frass," 

 and in manure. They are cylindrical white grubs with the anterior 

 part somewhat enlarged ; the head is small and retractile. The 



Fig. 41. — -Larva of C. hipunctaliif. 



segments are deeply constricted, and are armed with two dorsal 

 setae {bipimctatus) ; others {lateralis) have no setae, and are furnished 

 with pediform appendages on the prothorax and anal segment. 



The pup.x are much shorter than the larvce, and are broadest in 



Fig. 42. — Pupa of C. Inpiinctalus. 



front, with two short lateral appendages ; the rudiments of the wings 

 and legs are plainly marked ; the abdomen, which tapers to a point, 

 is armed on each side with bristles. The pupje of lateralis are pro- 

 vided with eight long filiform appendages on the back of the thorax. 



Characters of the Genus. 



Body small, pilose or bare. Head depressed in front, produced 

 into a short rostrum. Eyes lunate. Proboscis with fleshy labium ; 

 labrum horny, seated on upper base of labium. Maxillae long and 

 horny. Antennce thirteen jointed, seated on a thick base ; first 

 eight joints oval, the remainder elliptical, hairy ; subcostal vein 

 ending much beyond half the length of wing ; radial ending near tip ; 

 cubital ending by the tip ; subapical simple, sub-anal forked ; anal 

 not reaching the border. Abdomen composed of eight segments. 

 Legs almost equal in length ; femora armed beneath with spines. 

 PI. iv., fig. 8. 



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