BEAKED WHALES, FAMILY ZIPHIID^ — TRUE. 39 



Third cervical: A short, conical inferior process, curved forward. 



Fourth cervical: Similar, but with smaller and shorter inferior process. Neural 

 arch and spine complete; the latter fused with the preceding spines. Arch not 

 reducing the size of the neural canal. 



Fifth cervical: Arch and spine broken. Arch nearly as broad as the anterior 

 epiphysis of the centrum. Inferior lateral process short, straight, and directed 

 obliquely outward. 



Sixth cervical: Spine broken. Arch complete, nearly as wide as the anterior 

 epiphysis. Inferior lateral process short, thick, knobbed, and directed obliquely 

 outward and a very little forward. The left longer. 



Seventh cervical: Spine obsolete. Arch complete, as wide as the anterior 

 epiphysis. No superior lateral process or metapophysis. A thick articular facet 

 for the head of the first rib on the middle of the side of the centrum. No inferior 

 lateral process. 



Fused spines of the first to fourth cervicals bent backward; the mass broad 

 antero-posteriorly and rounded at the tip. 



Newport (male). — First cervical with the foramen over the anterior articular 

 facets incomplete, and the borders of the facets less raised. The facets also broader 

 and more declined. Inferior lateral process thicker, somewhat tapering, and nearly 

 transverse. 



Second cervical : Inferior lateral process much shorter than that of first cervical, 

 about parallel with it, but with the ti|) bent forward. Superior lateral process sliort, 

 thick, and bent backward; joined to the inferior process on the right side, inclosing 

 an oval foramen. 



Third cervical: A short, straight, triangular superior process on the right side; 

 that on the left short and blunt. Inferior lateral process long, thick, club-shaped, 

 and curved backward. 



Fourth cervical: Inferior lateral process similar to the last in shape, but shorter, 

 broad and flat, and only slightly curved backward. Neural arch and spine separate 

 from those of the tliird cervical; the arch rather smaller than those preceding it, 

 and reducing the size of the neural canal. 



Fused spines of the first to third cervicals nearly vertical, rather high, and 

 obtusely pointed. 



Fifth cervical : Spine pointed and quite long. Arch complete. Inferior lateral 

 process short, squared, flattened, and directed, outward oblicjuely. 



Sixth cervical : Spine about as long as on the fifth cervical. Arch much nar- 

 rower than the anterior epiph3'sis. Inferior lateral process prominent, thick, 

 somewhat compressed, and directed downward. 



Seventh cervical: Spine as high as the arch, obtusely pointed. Aixh complete, 

 as wide as the anterior epiphysis. A strong conical superior lateral process, or 

 metapophysis, on a broad base, directed forward. An articular raised facet on 

 the side of the centrum, directed obliquely backward. No inferior lateral process. 



Charleston (female, jr.). — The first to fourth cervicals resemble those of the 

 Newport skeleton, but the fourth entirely separate. All the lateral processes 

 undeveloped, or broken off, except the right inferior lateral process of the atlas, 



