I'LDLR'ATIONS OF CHARLES (ilEAKD, M. J). ,i ( 



1856. GlKARP, f'UAKLES — Cttiitiiiueil. 



J'lalichlln/ii unibroau^, ii . s 1 .it; 



Cajio Flntd'iy, W;is1iiiif;t(ni, liicuf. W. 1'. Trowbridire, U.S. A. 

 Pleuronichthi/ti ipittiilatm:, ii. .s 137 



Tomales Bay, California, E. Samuels. 

 Ammodytes personatun. ii . s 1 37 



Cape Flattery, "Washington, Lieut. W. P. Trowbridge, U. .S. A. 

 Bhinoptera vespertilw, n. s. 



Tomales Bay, E. Samnel.s. 



86. 



18.")6. GiKARi). Charles. Re.searclios upon the Cypriuoid Fishes | inhabiting the | 

 Fresh waters of the United .States, | west of the Mississippi Valley. | from | 

 Specimens in the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. 

 FroceedinfjH Aeademif of Xatural Sciences PliUadelphia, viii, lfi.5-213, 185(5. 

 [Also reprinted as a ])aniplilet of 48 pages. 8' .] 



The fishes which are the subject of the present memoir were collected at different times 

 and periods by several naturalists and .surgeons attached to the various surveys undertaken 

 within the past five years. 



And, first of all. there is the survey of the United States and Mexican boundary, from 1851 

 to ISo.'i. John H. Clark, who accompanied Col. J. D. Oraham in 1851, collected extensively 

 in the rivers and creeks of Texas and Xew Mexico. Under Maj. "W. H. Emory, now com- 

 missioner of the boundaTV line, numerous collections were made by Dr. C. B. Kennerly, in 

 Texas, in the valley of the Rio Grande and provinces of Chihuahua and Sonora. 



The survey of routes for a railroad to the Pacific was commenced in 1853, and continued 

 until 1855. Lieut. A. W. Whipple, under whose command the survey' near the thirty-fifth 

 parallel of latitude was efiected, in securing the services of Dr. C. B. Kennerly, contributed 

 very largely to our collections of fishes from Texas and the numerous tributaries of the 

 Arkansas Kiver. H. B. Mollhausen, artist to the same expedition, also showed much zeal 

 and industry for collecting. 



The survey near the thirty-second parallel of latitude, western end, under Lieut. .T. G. 

 Parke, contributed a few specimens, collected by Dr. A. L. Heermann. 



The eastern end of the same thirty-second ])arallel was explored by Capt. John Pope, and 

 under tlie direction of Dr. George G. Shumard, interesting specimens were obtained. 



The survey of the partial routes ou the Pacific side, under Lieut. R. S. Williamson, Dr. A. 

 L. Heermann being surgeon and naturalist to the party, a large collection of fresh-water 

 fishes, among which were several Cyprinoids, was made in the valley of the San Joaquin 

 River and the Tulare Valley. 



Suhsequently, the same offii*-r explored the Sacramento Valley from San Francisco, Cali- 

 fornia, to Astoria, Oregon, liaving Dr. John S. Xewberry as naturalist, who secured many 

 interesting members of the family of fishes now under consideration. 



The survey of the route near the thirty-eighth and thirty-ninth parallels, under the late- 

 ('aptain Gunnisson, and of tln^ forty-first, hy Lieut. E. G. Beckwith, secured many interest- 

 ing specimens from the valley of the Great Salt Lake and Humboldt River. 



The survey of the northern route, under Governor I. I. Stevens, was as fruitful in many 

 respects as both the United States ami Mexican boundary survey and the survey of the 

 thirty-fifth parallel. Dr. George Suckley, Dr. J. G. Cooper, and Dr. John Evans proved inde- 

 fatigable in their efforts for collecting. 



The upper Missouri and Vellowstone Rivers were explored by Dr. F. V. Hayden, under 

 the protection of Col. A. Vaughan. and thus w(^ were made ac<iuainted with the ichthyic 

 fauna of those remote waters. 



Lieut. D. N. Couch, U. S. A.. ex])lored in the winter of 1852-53 the Mexican provinces of 

 Tamaulipas, Xew-Leon. and Coahuila, thus adding materials towards an elucidation of the 

 natural history of the country south of the Rio Grande del Xorte (Rio Bravo), and but partially 

 exjilorcil by the United States and Mexican Boundary Commission. 



A'aluable specimens from Platte or Nebraska River, the valley of the Great Salt Lake of 

 Utah, and Humboldt River were also received from the late J. Soule Bowman. 



To John Potts, esq., of Chihuahua, we owe some very interesting species from the hydro- 

 graphic basin of Chihuahua River and the valley of Mexico. One s])ecies was purcliased in 

 the market of the City of Mexico by Maj. William Rich. 



The species formerly described from the River Zufii, collected by Dr. Woodhouse, under 

 Capt. L. Sitgreaves, are likewise included. 



Thus the country embraced within these surveys and fields of explorations is limited east- 

 wardly by the valleys of the ^Missouri and Mississippi, and westwardly by the Pacific Ocean, 



