Contributions from 

 The Museum of History axd Technology: 



Paper 3 



The Beginnings of Cheap Steel 

 Philip If. Bishop 



STEEL BEFORE THE 1850s 29 



BESSEMER AND HIS COMPETITORS 30 



ROBERT MUSHET 33 



EBBW VALE AND THE BESSEMER PROCESS 35 



MUSHET AND BESSEMER 37 



WILLIAM Kelly's air-boiling process 42 



CONCLUSIONS 46 



27 



471274—59 3 



