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Figure 8. — The Waterworks at Marlv-le-Ro!, on the Seine River, Built in 1684 to Supply the Fountains at the Roval 

 Palace at V'erseilles. From a print by dc Fcr, 1705. {Smithsonian photo 45593.) 



connection between the urs;cncy of the problem of 

 mine drainage in England, and the invention of the 

 steam engine, has often been suggested.^' Perhaps 

 the "backwardness" of Germany in steam-engine 

 experimentation, and later in the introduction of the 

 Newcomen engine, was to some extent due to tlie 

 adequacy of existing machinery to meet the problem 

 of mine flooding, for it is not clear that this problem 

 existed on the continent. ^^ 



-' Dickinson, H. VV., A short history oj the steam engine, New 

 York, n. d., p. 3. 



22 In 1673 Edward Browne visited Hungary and the Erzgc- 

 birge. His report on the trip, A briej account oj some travels in 

 diverse parts oJ Europe (2nd cd., London, 1685, p. 170), says 

 little about machinery, but does not mention Hooding as a 

 serious problem. Of an 84-fathom mine called AufT der 

 Halsbrucker, near Freiberg, he says "'they arc not so much 

 troubled with water, and have very good engines to draw 



A comparison of the technic]ues described by 

 Agricola with those of a century later sugsresls that 

 this was a century of significant progress in that 

 earlier industrial revolution described by Mumford 

 as his "Eotechnic phase," characterized by "'the 

 diminished use of human beings as prime movers, 

 and the separation of the jjrocluetion of energy from 

 its application and immediate control."^' 



water out." Yet the chain of dippers and rag and chain pump 

 were evidently fallen into disuse, as they do not appear among 

 the mining machines reported by Fritschc and VVagcnbreth 

 as having been described by Lohneyss (1617) or Rossler 

 (1700); and Fritschc and Wagenbreth declare that German 

 hydraulic machinery was able to compete with the steam 

 engine in mine dewatering for some time into the 19th century 

 (op. cit., footnote 14, pp. Ill, 112). 



■^ Lewis Mumford, Technics and civilization, New York, 1934, 

 p. 112. 



120 



BULLETIN 218: CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE MUSEUM OF HISTORY AND TECHNOLOGY 



