Publications of the United States National Museum 
The scholary and scientific publications of the United States National Museum 
include two series, Proceedings of the United States National Museum and United States 
National Museum Bulletin. 
In these series, the Museum publishes original articles and monographs dealing 
with the collections and work of its constituent museums—The Museum of Natural 
History and the Museum of History and Technology —setting forth newly acquired 
facts in the fields of anthropology, biology, history, geology, and technology. Copies 
of each publication are distributed to libraries, to cultural and scientific organizations, 
and to specialists and others interested in the different subjects. 
The Proceedings, begun in 1878, are intended for the publication, in separate 
form, of shorter papers from the Museum of Natural History. These are gathered 
in volumes, octavo in size, with the publication date of each paper recorded in the 
table of contents of the volume. 
In the Bulletin series, the first of which was issued in 1875, appear longer, sepa- 
rate publications consisting of monographs (occasionally in several parts) and vol- 
umes in which are collected works on related subjects. Bulletins are either octavo or 
quarto in size, depending on the needs of the presentation. Since 1902 papers re- 
lating to the botanical collections of the Museum of Natural History have been 
published in the Bulletin series under the heading Contributions from the United States 
National Herbarium, and since 1959, in Bulletins titled “Contributions from the Museum 
of History and Technology,’ have been gathered shorter papers relating to the 
collections and research of that Museum. 
The present collection of Contributions, Papers 69-72, comprises Bulletin 252. 
Each of these papers has been previously published in separate form. The year of 
publication is shown on the last page of each paper. 
FRANK A. TAYLOR 
Director, United States National Museum 
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