“We the subscribers, residents of the county of Bucks, 
do certify, that on the recommendation of Joseph 
Smith, we were induced to make trial of the Lehigh 
coal in our smith-shops. We have used it about four 
months; and believe, at the price we gave, ($24 per 
ton) they are the most economical coals we could use. 
We find that the weight on the fire, the only objection 
to them, is more than compensated by the intensity of 
heat and freedom from that corrosive quality and cin- 
der, to which all other kinds of coal are subject.” 
Given under our hands, February 24th, 1815. 
JACOB B. SMITH, of New Hope. 
EDMUND KINSEY, of Milton. 
“T have for two months past made use of Lehigh 
coal in my distillery, and am much pleased with it. 
I have ascertained that three bushels of coal (with a 
little dry wood to kindle) is sufficient to run my singling 
still six times, my doubling still once, and boil all the 
water for mashing, &c. I find in using this coal a great 
saving of labour, and the copper is not so liable to be 
injured as by wood, because there is not so much danger 
of burning the still, or running foul at the worm. 
My mode of setting stills for this kind of coal is as 
follows: I draw a circle sufficiently large to give room 
for a circular flue round the body of the still, of about 
four inches, leaving an opening of twelve inches wide 
and two feet deep for an ash hole; I then raise the ash 
hole twelve inches high and put on my grate, which is 
made of inch square bars, placed about three quarters* 
of an inch apart, and a sufficient number to cover the 
ash hole. I prefer to have the square bars rivetted (in- 
stead of putting them in loose as some do) into a cross 
bar at each end, to keep the bars stationary. I have put 
up a cast iron door frame in front, of 15 inches wide 
and 12 high, with a cast iron door to it; then raise the 
side wall and back of the furnace, a little flaring, to 
the height of the cast iron door frame, levelling the 
top; then put down four bricks for bearers, on which 
I set my still, then drawing a flue of about four inches 
round the sides of the still, inclose it at the top rise of 
the breast. 
This mode I find to answer a very good purpose for 
stone coal. It is not necessary to have a slider or damper 
in the chimney, because by closing the front of the ash 
hole and opening the door of the furnace, it will suf- 
*See note to W. Bown’s certificate respecting the bars. 
PAPER 72: ANTHRACITE IN THE LEHIGH VALLEY 
ficiently check the operation of the fire when required.” 
GEORGE HAINES. 
March 10th, 1815. 
“We have used the Lehigh coal in our cupola, and 
after an experience of two years, we find that by using 
one bushel of Lehigh coal to five bushels of charcoal, 
we can melt double the quantity of iron in the same 
time—for instance, where we formerly melted twenty- 
five hundred of iron in our cupola, starting at 10 
o’clock, A. M. and ending at 6, P. M. we, by using 
Lehigh coal mixed with charcoal as aforesaid, now 
melt fifty hundred weight. By using charcoal exclusively 
we formerly considered castings over ten hundred 
precarious to run by cupola, we now by using Lehigh 
coal can run castings over twenty hundred without 
danger. We discover Lehigh coal does not harden the 
iron, but it comes out grey.” 
CAD. & O. EVANS. 
City Foundry, Philadelphia, May 26th, 1824. 
“I have used Lehigh coal for melting copper and 
brass, for the last two years, and give it the preference 
to any other fuel. 
I consider common pine coal a nuisance in a brass 
founder’s shop for melting metal.” 
CHARLES GREEN, 
Brass Founder, No. 54, New street. 
Philada. May 14th, 1824. 
“We, James and Joseph Whitaker, proprietors of 
the Delaware rolling mills, have used Lehigh coal for 
rolling our iron for nearly three years, and find it so 
much superior to all other species of fuel which we 
have ever used, that we would, now that our workmen 
are accustomed to and prefer it, rather pay 30 cents 
per bushel for it, than get Richmond or Liverpool coal 
for nothing.” 
J. & J. WHITAKER. 
Philada. May 24th, 1824. 
“J have used Lehigh coal in a rolling and slitting 
mill for the last three years and consider it superior to 
any other fuel that I have employed. In 1812, I gave 
$14 per ton for it, or 50 cents per bushel, and even at 
that price considered that I saved, and preferred it to 
any other coal that I could get. At present the Lehigh 
and Virginia cost me the same price per bushel de- 
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