pense of about fifty per cent in favour of the Lehigh at 
the present prices of each, as we can perform the same 
business with two tons of the latter that we could with 
85 bushels of Virginia. 
Our workmen also prefer the Lehigh as they have 
much less trouble in keeping their fire with it than any 
other that we have used.” 
JAMES & MAXWELL ROWLAND. 
Philada. 5th Mo. 22d, 1824. 
“This is to certify, that I have used at one of my 
blacksmith forges, for some time past, the Lehigh coal, 
and (about adopting it in all of them) find that one 
bushel of it will last longer than two of Virginia or 
Liverpool, it being much cleaner, and the smith likes 
it better, and can safely say that I have had the largest 
day’s work done with that coal that I have had with 
any other for ten years.” 
JONAS GLEASON. 
“N. B. I find you must alter your bellows tue-iron 
by making it about twice as large as is common, and 
begin your fire with a little charcoal or wood at the 
bottom, and not let any dead coal get to the tue-iron 
and you have no difficulty, and when you leave your 
fire, put in a small piece of wood or charcoal, to keep 
it while at dinner, &c.—A little instruction is necessary 
to a new beginner or he is apt to get too soon 
prejudiced.” J. G. 
Philada. May 7th, 1824. 
“I Thomas Barnhurst, brass founder &c. of Phila- 
delphia, certify, that I have been in the use of the 
Lehigh coal for several years, for brazing and melting 
brass and copper; and my experience authorises me to 
say, that in brazing or soldering, my hands can do in 
a given time with one half the expense, three times as 
much work as they can with any other kind of coal that 
I have ever used. And for melting any kind of metal, 
one fire will answer the place of eight fires of charcoal, 
at not greater expense than each fire of charcoal ;— 
that taking into view the great saving of expense of 
fuel, and the very great additional quantity of work my 
hands can do with Lehigh coal more than any other 
kind, I think it invaluable either for melting or 
brazing.” 
THOS. BARNHURST. 
Philada. May 10th, 1824. 
“JT Samuel Heston, of Bucks county, have followed 
PAPER 72: ANTHRACITE IN THE LEHIGH VALLEY 
the business of a blacksmith for thirty years, and until 
the year 1819 was in the habit of using charcoal and 
Richmond coal. During the war I obtained a parcel 
of Lehigh coal for trial, but could do nothing with it 
and considered it a worthless article. In the year 1819, I 
made a visit to Mauch Chunk and there had an op- 
portunity of seeing this coal properly used. I brought 
some of it back with me in my waggon, and have been 
in the use of it ever since, hauling it from Philadelphia 
a distance of 28 miles, rather than purchase charcoal 
in my neighbourhood. I can do more work with one 
bushel of the coal than any man can do with three 
bushels of Richmond coal or six bushels of charcoal. 
In short I consider the discovery of Lehigh coal one 
of the most important ever made in this country, and 
should hardly be tempted now to use any other if it 
were given to me for nothing. When I went up to 
Mauch Chunk for curiosity, I had sold out all my 
stock, intending to move to the state of Ohio, and 
nothing but the prospect of being able to carry on my 
business to great advantage by using this coal, induced 
me to alter my mind and remain. Fifty people in my 
neighbourhood know that I should have gone but for 
this accidental circumstance. __ 
SAMUEL HESTON. 
May 20th, 1824. 
“T have found from experiment that 10 bushels Le- 
high coal may be considered equal to 50 bushels char- 
coal, or to one cord of good hickory wood, when used 
for drying malt for brewer’s consumption. The princi- 
pal advantages the Lehigh coal possesses, compared 
with other fuel, consists in the steadiness, regularity 
and safety of the heat emitted, and the little attendance 
it requires, it also dries malt paler than other fuel. 
ADAM SECKEL. 
Philadelphia, June 4th, 1824. 
Letter from William Young, Esq. proprietor of the 
Rockland Factories on the Brandywine, to one of the 
Managers. 
“J have your letter of 9th instant requesting infor- 
mation respecting the manner of using the Lehigh coal, 
its cheapness, safety, and other advantages. 
I will with pleasure note such circumstances as have 
been found to answer all these purposes at the ware- 
house, No. 10, South Third street, and at the Rockland 
cotton and woolen factories on Brandywine. The first 
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