and flattened on the upper edge. This fragment 

 is of importance in that it is almost certainly made 

 from the local Tidewater Virginia clay, yet the 

 rim technique has not been found on any of the 

 pottery kiln sites so far located. Date uncertain. 

 Kll. 



11. Rim sherd from pan or wide bowl, red ware with 

 greenish-brown lead glaze, the rim thickened and 

 undercut. This form, and variants on it, were 

 common from the mid-1 7th century and on 

 through the 18th, and they are therefore impos- 

 sible to date on stylistic grounds alone. Probably 

 English. C4. 



12. Rim sherd from large shallow pan, red ware with 

 yellowish-green lead glaze; the rim thickened, 

 folded and undercut, the upper surface flattened 

 and with a pronounced ridge at its angle with the 

 bowl; diameter approximately 1 foot 6 inches. 

 Dating considerations as no. 1 1 . Probably Eng- 

 lish. E4. 



13. Rim sherd from storage jar, red ware with brown 

 lead glaze, the rim thickened, folded, and flat- 

 tened on the top; diameter approximately 10% 

 inches. The form was common from about 1650 

 to 1750. Probably English. E2. 



14. Storage jar or pipkin, pale-pink ware flecked with 

 ocher and occasional granules of quartz, a clear 

 lead glaze imparts an orange color to the surface, 

 and is locally streaked with green. The rim is 

 heart-shaped in section, having a groove along its 

 upper surface, and the body is extremely finely 

 potted. There is good reason to suppose that this 

 vessel is of Virginia manufacture, in which case the 

 17th-century colony possessed a potter of greater 

 ability than any of those whose kilns have yet been 

 found. Another fragment of this pot, or one 

 identical to it, was found to the southeast of the 

 existing house. C4, E4, 10, Kll. 



1 5. Rim sherd from wide bowl of Colono-Indian 51 

 pottery, grey shell-tempered ware with stick- 

 or pebble-burnished reduced surface, the rim 

 everted and flattened. The ware is contemporary 

 with the European artifacts from the site and is 

 the earliest datable fragment yet recovered. A3. 



16. Rim sherd from bowl of Colono-Indian pottery, 

 buff shell -tempered ware with stick- or pebble- 

 burnished oxidized surface, the rim everted, 



flattened and very slightly dished. Kll. 



17. Wine bottle, olive-green glass in an advanced 

 state of decay, the neck short and broad and the 

 mouth slightly everted over a roughly applied 

 string rim, the body squat and slightly broader at 

 the shoulder than at the base, a domed basal 

 kick and no obvious pontil scar. This is a com- 

 posite drawing illustrating the shape typical of 

 the bottles from the Clay Bank site cellar hole. 

 The two fragments cannot be proved to be part 

 of the same bottle. About 1680-1700. Neck 

 A2. Body F3. 



18. Wine bottle, half-bottle size, olive-green glass in 

 an advanced state of decay, the form similar to 

 the above but slightly weaker in the shoulder. 

 About 1680-1700. C4. 



19. Bottle, in form of miniature wine bottle, the glass 

 a pale green similar to that used in the making of 

 pharmaceutical phials. (Fig. 9.) About 1680 

 1720. C4. 



20. Base of pharmaceutical bottle, pale-green glass 

 with pronounced conical kick and rough pontil 

 scar, the metal very thin. The principal dating 

 characteristics of these bottles are the shapes of 

 the mouths and the slope of the shoulders; in the 

 absence of those, no close dating is possible. 52 C4. 



21. Ring, iron, round section, considerable evidence 

 of wear at one point on the inside edge suggesting 

 that this object had been attached to a link of 

 chain or perhaps has been held by a staple or 

 eye. Such rings are frequently to be found 

 attached to stalls in stables. B6A. 



22. Race knife, the dashed outline indicating the 

 angle of the hinged blade in its open position. 

 (See fig. 12, no. 3.) E4. 



23. Object of uncertain purpose, iron, slightly convex 

 on the upper face, flat behind, and with a small, 

 flat tongue projecting from the rear. A much 

 rusted lump adhering to the front may conceal a 

 similar projection or it may have simply attached 

 itself in the ground. C3. 



24. Collar, iron, four unevenly spaced nail holes for 

 attachment to a wooden shaft having an approxi- 

 mate diameter of 3' L , inches. D6A. 



25. Object of uncertain purpose, iron, rectangular- 

 sectioned bar narrowing to a small blade-like 

 ear at one end and flattened into the opposite 



51 Ivor Noel Hume, "An Indian Ware of the Colonial 

 Period," Archeological Society of Virginia, Quarterly Bulletin (Sep- 

 tember 1962), vol. 17, no. 1, p. 5. 



PAPER 52: EXCAVATIONS AT CLAY BANK 



52 Ivor Noel Hume, "A Century of London Glass Bottles, 

 1580-168(1," The Connoisseur Year Rook ( London, 1956), p. 102, 

 fig. 14 right. 



25 



