1750. On the basis of the excavated artifacts the 

 intensity of occupation seems to fall into two periods, 

 the decade of about 1 01 1 10 and within the years 

 1740. D ary evidence indicates 



thai riods relate to the respective ownerships 



rederick Jones and Thomas Bray. 

 While the groups of artifacts from refuse pits are 

 k dated by context and are consequently 

 \aluahle in the general study of domestic life in 

 early 18th-century Virginia, the history of the site is 

 less well served. The limited nature of the excava- 

 tion, the loss of the overburden through bulldozing, 

 and the destruction of the James City County court 

 records during the Civil War serve to leave a number 

 of important gaps in the chronology. It is to be 

 hoped that at such time as the new trees have grown 

 up and have been cut there will be archeolo<_;Ms 

 ready and waiting to complete the excavation of this 

 small but historically interesting site. 



Illustrations 



The illustrated items are confined to those that are 

 sufficiently complete or readily identifiable as to be 

 of value to archeolosists, curators, and historians 

 who may find comparable items elsewhere. In the 

 interest of brevity, repetitive or unstratified objects 

 have been omitted, although occasional exceptions 

 have been made in the latter category where it is 

 considered that the objects are of significance to the 

 study of the structures or the possessions of Tutter's 

 Neck residents, whether or not they can be closely 

 dated. 



The drawn objects are divided by type and are 

 arranged in chronological order within each group 

 where variations of date are apparent. In most 

 instances the archeological evidence of the date 

 at which the artifacts were deposited in the ground 

 is more accurate than is the overall date range of 

 individual items. Thus the fact that a delftware 

 form that was developed about 1700 continued to 

 be manufactured until about 1740 would give us, in 

 the absence of archeological evidence, a manufacture 

 ■ Lite of about 1700-1740, but there would be no 

 indication of the length of the object's actual life. 

 ( >n the other hand, the archeological evidence tells 

 ily when the object was discarded, and not when 

 ide. Im avoid confusion, the descriptions of 



i: artifai ts only indicate the periods in which the 



first made and/or were most popular, 



nly when such dates are clearly at variance 



with the archeological termini. Each description 

 ends with the Tutter's Neck field number that 

 indicates the source of the item and provides the 

 terminus post quern for its context. Table 1 provides 

 a summary of the foregoing report for use in con- 

 junction with the artifact illustrations. 



Table i . — Location and terminal dates of deposits. 



FIGURE 14. TOBACCO-PIPE PROFILES 



1. Pipe with bowl shape reminiscent of the l 7 th 

 century but with the lip horizontal instead of 

 sloping away from the stem as characteristic of the 

 earlier forms. Mouth somewhat oval; spur small; 

 the clay very white and glazed. Marked on the 

 stem with the name Richard Saver. Stem-hole 

 diameter f, , ; , in. Oswald Type 9d. 70 T.N. 30. 



2. Fragmentary bowl of cylindrical form, having a 

 shallow heel from which the fore-edge of the bowl 

 springs forward. This is a late 17th-century form. 

 No mark. Stem-hole diameter %i in. T.X. 30. 



3. Bowl of basic 18th-century form, but the narrow 

 profile is indicative of an early date within the 



; " AnKiAN Oswald, "English Clay Tobacco Pipes," Arche- 

 ological News Letter (April 1951 ), vol. 3, no. 10, p. 158. The type 

 is attributed to the period about 1700—1750, with the distribu- 

 tion mainly in the southwest of England. 



56 



249: CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE MUSEUM OF HISTORY AND TECHNOLOGY 



