in the buildings, which link rather than separate the 

 penitente movement and the common social values of 

 Hispano culture. 



Edmonson uses six institutional values to define 

 Hispano culture." All six can be found in the penitente 

 brotherhood. "Paternalism" is found in the relation of 

 the members-at-large to the officers and of all the 

 penitente brothers to Nuestro Padre Jesus, "Our Father 

 Jesus." "Familism" is reflected in the structure of the 

 penitente organization and especially in the extension 

 of its social benefits to the entire community. "Dra- 

 matism" is an essential ingredient of penitente cere- 

 monies such as the tinieblas. "Personalism" is revealed 

 in the immediate and individual participation of all 



78. Edmondson, p. 62. 



members in penitente activities. "Fatalism" is the focus 

 of Holy Week and of funerals and is personified by the 

 muerte figure in each morada. 



Finally, Edmonson cited "traditionalism" as defini- 

 tive of Hispano culture, a characteristic that is clearly 

 evident in the penitente forms of shelter, ceremonies, 

 and artifacts. These commonplace objects and activi- 

 ties had been established at Abiquiu before and during 

 the period of morada building and furnishing. Literary 

 and pictorial documents presented in this study of 

 Abiquiu and the penitente moradas reveal that their 

 physical structure, furnishings, membership, and the 

 brotherhood itself are related intimately to, and drawn 

 from, the traditional and persistent Hispanic culture 

 of New Mexico. 



PAPER 63: THE PENITENTE MORADAS OF ABIQUltJ 



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