the 1821 eagle, its refinement of design and manu- 

 facture indicates that it possibly belongs to the period 

 of the 1830's and 1840's. It is struck in thin brass 

 and has three plain wire fasteners soldered to the 

 reverse. 



CAP INSIGNIA, 1832 (?) 



USNM 60366- M QS-K 122). Not illustrated. 



Although similar to the preceding plate, this 

 specimen measures 3'/^ by 2)^ inches, is struck from a 

 difTerent die, and has a much wider breast shield. 

 Of somewhat heavier brass than most such similar 

 eagles and exhibiting a well-developed patina, it may 

 have been an officer's device. 



Waterloo and altered by omitting the lightning in the 

 talons and adding a wreath to the i:)reast. Plain wire 

 fasteners are soldered to the back. 



1 In 1834. possibly as a result of the newly organized 

 dragoons receiving distinctive branch insignia, the 

 infantry and artillery once again were authorized 

 devices on the dress cap designating their particular 

 arm. The gilt eagle was retained. Below the eagle 

 was an open horn with cords and tassels in silver for 

 infantry, and cross cannons in "gilt" for artillery. 

 The number of the regiment was added over the can- 

 non or within the curve of the horn. These devices 

 remained in use until the change in headgear in 1851. 



CAP PLATE, DRAGOONS, 1833 



USNM 6027 6- M (_S-K 34'). Figure 38. 



When the dragoons returned to the Army in 1833, 

 their cap device was described as "a gilt star, silver 

 eagle . . . the star to be worn in front." "* An 8- 

 pointed, sunburst-type star, this plate is struck in 

 brass and has a superimposed eagle that is struck 

 in brass and silvered. The eagle is basically the Napo- 

 leonic type adopted by the British after the Battle of 



FlOURE 



"' General Order No. 38, Headquarters of the .Army, May 2, 

 1833. (Photostatic copy in files of division of military history, 

 Smithsonian Institution.) 



CAP INSIGNIA, INFANTRY, I834-I85I 



USNM62055-M, 62056~MQSK~1808, 1809). Figure 39. 



This eagle is similar to the 1821 pattern, although 

 somewhat more compact in design. It is struck in 

 brass, has wings upraised, head to the right, shield 

 on breast, olive branch in right talon, and three 

 arrows in left talon. The open horn, struck in brass 

 and silvered, is suspended, with bell to the right, by 

 four twisted cords tied in a 3-leaf-clover knot; the 

 tassels on the four cord-ends hang below. 



CAP INSIGNIA, ARTILLERY, I834-I85I 



USNM 60426-M (_S~K 182). Figure 40. 



This is the "gilt . . . cross cannons" device pre- 

 scribed for artillery in the 1834 regulations. Struck 

 in sheet brass of medium thickness, the superimposed 

 cannon has trunions and dolphins. 



FORAGE CAP STAR, DRAGOON OFFICER, C. 1840 



USNM 604967-M (_S-K 1111). Figure 41. 



.Mthough uniform regulations for the period of 

 the 1830's and 1840's make no mention of a dis- 

 tinctive device for the dragoon forage cap, photo- 

 graphs in the National Archives show that officers' 

 caps, at least, carried a 6-pointed star, apparently 

 gold-embroidered."^ This specimen is believed to 

 be such a star. Made of gold bullion and with 

 rather large sequins sewed onto a heavy paper back- 

 ground, the star is mounted on dark blue wool. The 



TOVVNSEND AND TODD, pp. 1- 



26 



