ANCIENT PUEBLOS OF UPPER GILA REGION. 



29 



northern Mexico tliey appear to be more prevalent, and a com- 

 parison of the carvings just described with those figured by 

 Dr. Ales Hrdlic^ka^ suggest a connection of great interest. The 

 amulets from Spur Ranch belonged, doubtless, to a medicine man. 

 They differ widely from the medicine paraphernalia secured 

 from a grave near the Petrified Forest of Arizona.^ 



(/) 231850. Small pendant of shell. 



(g) 231840. Bird amulet of shell, well carved. This specimen is a rare but not 

 unique example of ancient Pueblo fancy, being carved to repre- 

 sent two animals, and changes in appearance from a bird to a 

 small mammal, or back again on inversion. 



(h) 231S41. Bird amulet carved from white stone. 



(i) 231843. Tadpole amulet, exquisitely carved fi-om fine white stone. 



(;■) 231849. Olive shell (OUveUa MpUcata), highly prized by ancient and mod- 

 ern Pueblos for beads. 



(k) 231847. Shell, Columbella, prepared for stringing by breaking away the 

 apex and forming a hole in the side. 



(l) 231844. Shell amulet of square form, pierced for suspension by one corner, 

 and having a square opening cut in the center. The specimen 

 shows that the square was cut out by drilling around the margin 

 of the figure. It appears to be a world quarter symbol and is 

 usually represented having a bird at each quadrant (see fig. 92). 



(m) 231845. Natural shell Glycimerus. Pierced for suspension. 



(n) 231846. Shell of Conus species. 



(0) 231848. Disk of pearly sheU. 



From the Tularosa Cave comes a disk of fine-grained red sand- 

 stone having a hole partly drilled through it near the edge. (Fig. 

 44.) It appears that this was an attempt to form 

 an ornament for the necklace. (Cat. No. 246465, 

 U.S.N.M.) 



A cylinder of fine-grained purplish stone hav- 

 ing five grooves cut around it was found in the 

 Martin ruin. These grooves were sawed with a 

 flint blade and the shape of the stone appears to be 

 natural. Its use can not be determined, but it was 

 probably a fetish. (Fig. 45.) A smaller specimen was found at 

 Luna and one has been described ^ with illustration from Potts 



Valley, Santa Catalina Island, Cali- 

 fornia. It is not known whether there 

 is any relation between this object and 

 the roundel sticks preserved in the 

 caves. (Cat. No. 245931, U.S.N.M.; 

 length, 2^ inches ; Blue, Arizona.) 

 From the same locality also comes a small block of red lava in 

 which designs have been scored. (Fig. 46.) (Cat. No. 231809, 

 U.S.N.M.; length, 2 inches; width, 1^ inches; thickness, ^ inch.) 



1 The region of the ancient " Chichimecs " with notes on the Tepecanos and the ruin 

 of the La Quemada, Mexico. American Anthropologist (n. s.), vol. 5, No. 3, 1903, pi. 40. 

 * Museum-Gatos Expedition, 1901. Ann. Kept. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1901, p. 313, pi. 43. 

 *XJ. S. Geographical Survey, Wheeler, 1879, toI. 7, p. 711, 



Fig. 44. — Sandstone 

 di.sk partly perfo- 

 rated FROM Tula- 

 rosa Cave. 



Fig. 45. — Scored spindle-shape 



STONE FROM BlUH. 



