ANCIENT PUEBLOS OF UPPER GILA REGION". 



37 



u 



a^ c 



Fig. 78. — Copper bell from Tonto Basin, 

 Arizona. 



Shell had use only for ornaments, such as beads, bracelets, and 

 tinklers. The uniformity of shell objects over the -whole Pueblo 

 region suggests that they may have 

 been distributed from one localit}'' 

 where they were manufactured, 

 though occasionally a specimen is 

 found in process. Shells carved in 

 the form of a frog are rather com- 

 mon in the Little Colorado Valley 

 and on the Lower Gila, but are rare 

 in the Blue River region. 



Small Pacific - coast clamshells 

 of gTaded size were found with 

 burials of children at Blue, and the writer has noticed their occur- 

 rence with children's remains in other localities. So far as is known 



they have never been encountered in 

 the graves of adults. 



METAL WORK. 



There is no evidence that the ancient 

 Pueblos were acquainted . with the 

 working of metal, and it is apparent 

 that they had slight knowledge of free 

 inetal of any character. Only at the 

 Delgar ruin on Tularosa River has 

 there been found a mass of native cop- 

 per, probably brought from the Rio 

 Grande, where it is found free. This 

 mass had been rubbed and smoothed 

 and treated in every way as a stone. 

 The small bells, which have been found 

 to the number of about 15 in Pueblo 

 graves, were made in Mexico, and came 

 as a valued article of trade through 

 primitive commerce. 



A small globular hawk-bell with 

 stone sounder (fig. 78 a, bell natural 

 size; &, view from beneath; c, stone 

 sounder) was collected in Tonto Basin 



by James Douglas. (Cat. Xo. 173068, U.S.KM.) This is the type 



of copper bell found quite generally distributed in the Pueblo region 



west of the Rio Grande. 



Henry Hales collected the largest and most elaborately- worked bell 



that has been found in ancient ruins of the Southwest. (Fig. 79, a.) 



Pig. 79. — Copper bell from Thla- 



EOSA RlVEU. 



